randall-t-higashida
Randall T Higashida, MD, PhD
Professor of Clinical Radiology & Biomedical Imaging

University of California, San Francisco
California, San Francisco, USA
Phone: 415-353-1863
Email: randall.higashida@ucsf.edu

Education

1972 - 1976 University of Southern California Bachelor's of Science Biological Sciences with emphasis in Biochemistry and Mathematics
1976 - 1980 Tulane University School of Medicine Medical Doctor Medicine
1980 - 1981 Harbor General
Hospital/University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center		 Internship Internal Medicine
1981 - 1984 University of California,
Los Angeles Medical Center		 Residency Diagnostic Radiology
1983 - 1983 Armed Forces Institute of
Pathology (AFIP), Washington, D.C.		 Fellowship Diagnostic Radiology

Biography

Randall T. Higashida, M.D. is currently Clinical Professor of Radiology, Neurological Surgery, Neurology, and Anesthesiology at the University of California at San Francisco Medical Center.  He is Chief of the Division of Interventional Neurovascular Radiology at UCSF Medical Center, one of the leading institutions specializing in the minimally invasive treatment of complex cerebrovascular diseases and stroke.

Dr. Higashida has published over 280 scientific articles on stroke and related topics and authored over 110 book chapters.  His articles have appeared in Stroke, American Journal of Neuroradiology, Journal of Neurosurgery, Journal of Endovascular Surgery, Lancet, Neurology, the New England Journal of Medicine, and the Journal of the American Medical Association.   He is on 10 scientific editorial boards and serves as a manuscript reviewer for 9 additional journals.

As a world-renowned expert on endovascular neurosurgery procedures and stroke, Dr. Higashida has presented at over 750 scientific and professional meetings around the world.

Dr. Higashida has served as a member of numerous medical and scientific committees including the Cerebrovascular Neurosurgery Task Force Committee, the American Heart Association Stroke Council Research Committee, the American Society of Neuroradiology Executive Committee, and the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology Executive Committee.  He is past President of the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, past chairman of the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Radiology & Interventions, a member of the U.S. FDA Neurological Devices Advisory Panel, and on the oversight committee of the National Institutes of Health trial for carotid artery stenting. 

Dr. Higashida earned his medical degree from the School of Medicine at Tulane University in New Orleans.  He earned his undergraduate degree from the University of Southern California and did his residency and fellowship training at UCLA Medical Center, in Los Angeles, California.


Research Interest

Acute Ischemic Stroke; Acute Hemorrhagic Stroke;  Brain Imaging;  Carotid Atherosclerosis;  Brain Aneurysms


Scientific Activities

Honors and Awards
1978 Fellowship Grant and Research Award American Heart Association
1979 Fellowship Grant and Research Award American Heart Association
1980 History of Medicine Society: Award for Outstanding Research Paper Tulane University School of Medicine
1983 Radiological Sciences Department: James T. Case Cum Laude Award: 1983 and 1984; Magna Cum Laude University of California, Los Angeles: School of Medicine
  Award: 1985  
1985 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Kyorin University School of Medicine, Japan
1987 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Kyung Hee University, School of Medicine, South Korea
1988 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor University of New Mexico, School of Medicine
1988 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine
1989 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting University of Minnesota, School of
  Professor Medicine
1993 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Creighton University, School of Medicine
1985 Cum Laude Award for Scientific Exhibit American Society of Neuroradiology
1990 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine
1990 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor University of Missouri, School of Medicine
1990 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting University of Maryland, School of
  Professor Medicine
1991 Distinguished Lectureship: 50th Annual Scientific Meeting, Kyoto, Japan Japan Neurosurgical Society
1992 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor British Society of Neuroradiology and Neurosurgery
1992 Honors in Reviewing: 1992, 1993,
1994, 1995, 1996		 American Journal of Neuroradiology
1992 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor University of Michigan, School of Medicine
1992 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Finland Society of Radiology
  Professor  
1993 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine
1994 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Dutch Society of Angiology
1994 Honorable Mention Wilson Award For Western Neuroradiological Society
  Outstanding Research Paper  
1994 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor National Stroke Institute, Akita, Japan
1995 Distinguished Lectureship: Centennial Celebration Hong Kong College of Radiology, China
1995 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Japan Congress of Neuroradiology
  Professor  
1995 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Cleveland Clinic Medical Center
1995 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Veterans Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
1995 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Kansai University, School of Medicine, Japan
1996 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Baptist Memorial Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
1996 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Temple University, School of Medicine
  Professor  
1996 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor West Virginia, School of Medicine
1997 Distinguished Lectureship: Klinisch- Neuroradiologisches  Symposium German Society of Neuroradiology
1997 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting University of Hamburg, School of
  Professor Medicine, Germany
1997 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Mayo Clinic & Hospitals
1998 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Indiana University, School of Medicine
1998 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Wakayama University, School of Medicine, Japan
2000 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Baylor University, School of Medicine
2002 Distinguished Lectureship: Beijing Chinese Neurosurgical Society,
  Neurological Institute Beijing, China
2000 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor: 4th World Stroke Congress World Stroke Congress Federation, Melbourne, Australia
2002 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Beth Israel Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
2002 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting William Beaumont Medical Center,
  Professor Royal Oak, Michigan
2002 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor: Annual Pan-Asian Singapore Endovascular Radiology Society
  Conference on Endovascular Therapeutics  
2002 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Hoag Memorial Hospital, Newport Beach, California
2002 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Bangkok Society of Radiology
2002 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Stanford University Medical Center
  Professor  
2002 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor: International Stroke South America Stroke Society, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  Symposium  
2003 Distinguished Lectureship and Presidential Address Joint Section of Cerebrovascular Neurosurgery and the American Society of Interventional and
    Therapeutic  Neuroradiology
2003 Distinguished Lectureship: National Scientific Symposium German Society of Neurology and Psychiatry. Baden-Baden, Germany
2003 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor University of Oxford, Medical Center, Oxford, England
2003 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting University of Heidelburg, School of
  Professor Medicine, Germany
2003 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Cleveland Clinic Medical Center
2003 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor North Shore Royal Hospital, School of Medicine, Sydney, Australia
2003 Distinguished Lectureship: National Scientific Symposium Korea Interventional Neuroradiology Society, Seoul, Korea
2003 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor St. Paul Medical Center, Minneapolis
2003 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting World Federation of Interventional and
  Professor Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Recife, Brazil
2003 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Wake Forest University, School of Medicine
2004 Distinguished Reviewer Award Journal of Vascular & Interventional
    Radiology
2004 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor: Annual Scientific Meeting European Society of Neurology, Madrid, Spain
2004 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Tianjin University, School of Medicine, China
2004 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Chongqing 4th Military Hospital and
  Professor School of Medicine, China
2004 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Seoul National University, School of Medicine, South Korea
2004 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Australasian Society of Interventional Neuroradiology, Bangkok, Thailand
2005 Charles T. Dotter Memorial Lecture Award American Heart Association
2005 Distinguished Lectureship: The 6th International Congress on Minimally Invasive  Neurosurgery Japanese Congress of Minimally Invasive Neurosurgery, Nagoya, Japan
2005 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Shenyang University School of Medicine, China
2005 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting South America Congress of
  Professor: Annual Scientific Meeting Neurosurgery, Lima, Peru
2005 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Pan Pacific Interventional Neuroradiology Society, Hanoi, Vietnam
2006 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting Professor Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
2005 Distinguished Lectureship and Visiting India-U.S. Science and Technology
  Professor Forum, New Dehli, India
2006 Melvin Judkin's Memorial Award Lecture American Heart Association
2007 Elected Fellow Society of Interventional Radiololgy
2007 Donald Sterns Memorial Lecture In Radiology John Muir Medical Center, Concord, California
2007 Gainey Lecturer in Radiological Sciences: Distinguished Visiting Professorship Mayo Clinic & Hospitals, Rochester, Minnesota

Publications

  1. Hyman AL, Higashida RT, Spannhake EW, Kadowitz PF: Pulmonary vasoconstrictor responses to graded decreases in precapillary blood PO2 in intact chest cat. Journal of Applied Physiology 51(4):1009-1016, 1981.
  2. King W, Higashida RT: The non-filled bladder: Techniques and applications in assessment of the early second trimester pregnancy. Radio graphics 4(5): 977-987, 1984.
  3. Cochran ST, Higashida RT, Hulbert E, Winter J, Iwamoto K, Norman A: Development of rabbit brain tumor model for radiologic research. Investigative Radiology 20:928-932, 1985.
  4. Tsai FY, Matovich V, Hieshima GB, Yoon JW, Shah D, Mehringer CV, Tiu G, Higashida RT, Pribram HF: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the carotid artery. American Journal of Neuroradiology 7:349-358, 1986.
  5. Hieshima GB, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Cahan L, Goto K: Intravascular balloon embolization of a carotid-ophthalmic artery aneurysm with preservation of the parent vessel. American Journal of Neuroradiology 7(5):916-918, 1986.
  6. Hieshima GB, Higashida RT, Wapenski J, Halbach V, Cahan L, Bentson J: Balloon embolization of a large distal basilar artery aneurysm. Journal of Neurosurgery 65 (3): 413- 416, 1986.
  7. Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Halbach VV, Bentson JR, Goto K: Closure of carotid cavernous sinus fistulae by external compression of the carotid artery and jugular vein. Acta Radiologica 369:580-583, 1986.
  8. Goto K, Hieshima GB, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Bentson JR, Mehringer CM, Pribram HF: Treatment of direct carotid cavernous sinus fistulae: Various therapeutic approaches and results in 148 cases. Acta Radiologica 369:576-579, 1986.
  9. Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Halbach V, Goto K: Cervical carotid artery aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms: Treatment by balloon embolization therapy. Acta Radiologica 369:591- 593, 1986.
  10. Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Tsai FY, Bentson JR, Halbach VV: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the subclavian and vertebral arteries. Acta Radiologica 369:124-126, 1986.
  11. Tsai FY, Matovich VB, Hieshima GB, Higashida RT, Shah DG, Ashray, Pribram HF: Practical aspects of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the carotid artery. Acta Radiologica 369:127-139, 1986.
  12. Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Halbach VV, Goto K, Dormandy B, Bell J, Cahan L, Bentson JR: Intravascular detachable balloon embolization of intracranial aneurysms: Indications and techniques. Acta Radiologica. 369:594-596, 1986.
  13. Hieshima GB, Higashida RT, Wapenski JA, Halbach VV, Bentson JR: Intravascular balloon embolization of a large mid-basilar artery aneurysm. Journal of Neurosurgery 66:124-127, 1987.
  14. Iwamoto K, Cochran ST, Winter J, Holburt E, Higashida RT, Norman A: Radiation dose enhancement therapy with iodine in rabbit VX-2 brain tumors. Radiation Therapy and Oncology 8(2):161-170, 1987.
  15. Numaguchi Y, Higashida RT, Abernathy JM, Pisarello JC: Balloon embolization in a carotid-cavernous fistula in fibromuscular dysplasia. American Journal of Neuroradiology 8:380-382, 1987.
  16. Cahan LD, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Hieshima GB: Variants of radiculomeningeal vascular malformations of the spine. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 66:333-337, 1987.
  17. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Reicher M, Norman D, Newton TH: Dural fistulas involving the cavernous sinus: Results of treatment in 30 patients. Radiology 163:437-442, 1987.
  18. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Goto K, Norman D, Newton TH: Dural fistulas involving the transverse and sigmoid sinuses: Results of treatment in 28 patients. Radiology 163:443-447, 1987.
  19. Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Mehringer CM, Halbach VV: Giant cavernous aneurysm associated with trigeminal artery. Treatment by detachable balloon. American Journal of Neuroradiology 8(5):757-758, 1987.
  20. Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Halbach VV, Bentson JR, Tsai FY: Transluminal angioplasty of the vertebral and basilar artery. American Journal of Neuroradiology 8(5):745-750, 1987.
  21. Brodsky MC, Hoyt WF, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Halbach VV: Bonnet-Dechaume- Blanc Syndrome with large facial angioma. Archives of Ophthalmology, 1987, 105: 854- 855, 1987.
  22. Halbach VV, Hieshima GB, Higashida RT, Reicher M, Norman D, Newton TH: Carotid cavernous fistulae: Indications for urgent treatment. American Journal of Neuroradiology 8:627-633, 1987; and AJR 149:587-593, 1987.
  23. Brodsky MC, Hoyt WF, Halbach VV, Hieshima GB, Higashida RT, Barbaro NM: Recovery from total monocular blindness after balloon embolization of carotid cavernous fistula. American Journal of Ophthalmology 104(1):86-87, 1987.
  24. Hieshima GB, Reicher MA, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Cahan LD, Martin NA, Frazee JG, Rand RW, Bentson JR: Intraoperative digital subtraction neuroangiography: A diagnostic and therapeutic tool. American Journal of Neuroradiology 8(5):759-768, 1987.
  25. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Norman D: Normal perfusion pressure breakthrough occurring during treatment of carotid and vertebral fistulas. American Journal of Neuroradiology 8(5):751-756, 1987.
  26. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB: Treatment of vertebral arteriovenous fistulas.
  27. American Journal of Neuroradiology 8:1121-1128, 1987 and American Journal of Roentgenology 150:405-412, 1988.
  28. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB: Treatment of intracranial aneurysms by balloon embolization therapy. Seminars in Interventional Radiology 4(4):261-268, 1987.
  29. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Cahan L, Rosenblum M: Treatment of dural arterial venous malformations involving the superior sagital sinus. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 9, No. 2, 337-343, 1988.
  30. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Cahan L, Hieshima GB: Cavernous carotid artery aneurysm associated with Marfan's syndrome: Treatment by balloon embolization therapy. Neurosurgery 22(2):297-300, 1988.
  31. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Hieshima GB, Weinstein PR, Hoyt WF: Treatment of a giant carotid ophthalmic artery aneurysm by intravascular balloon embolization therapy. Surgical Neurology, Volume 30, Number 5, 386-392, 1988.
  32. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Yang P, Barnwell S, Wilson CB, Hieshima GB: PreOperative balloon occlusion of arteriovenous malformations. Journal of Neurosurgery 22(2):301-308, 1988.
  33. Tsuruda JS, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Mark A, Hieshima GB, Norman D: MR evaluation of large and giant aneurysms using cine low flip angle gradient-refocused imaging. American Journal of Neuroradiology 9:415-424, 1988; and American Journal of Roentgenology 151:153-162, July 1988.
  34. Yang PJ, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB: Platinum wire: A new transvascular embolic agent. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 9:547-550, 1988.
  35. Edwards MSB, Hieshima G, Higashida RT, Halbach V: Management of Vein of Galen malformations in the neonate. International Pediatrics. Volume 3(2):184-188, 1988.
  36. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Yang PJ, Hardin CW, Hieshima GB: Transvenous embolization of direct carotid cavernous fistulas. American Journal of Neuroradiology 9: 741-747, July/August 1988.
  37. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Hardin CW: Arteriovenous fistula of the internal maxillary artery: Treatment with transarterial embolization. Radiology 168:443-445, 1988.
  38. Goto K, Halbach VV, Hardin CW, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB: Permanent inflation of detachable balloons with a low viscosity hydrophilic polymerizing system. Radiology 169:787-790, 1988.
  39. Higashida RT, Helmer E, Halbach VV, Hieshima GB: Direct thrombolytic therapy for transverse sinus dural thrombosis. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 10, Number 55: 4-6, September 1989.
  40. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Tsai FY, Norman D, Pribram HF, Mehringer CM, Hieshima GB: Interventional neurovascular treatment of traumatic carotid and vertebral artery lesions: Therapeutic results in 234 cases. American Journal of Roentgenology. Volume 153:577- 582, September 1989.
  41. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Hardin CW: Embolization of branches arising from the cavernous portion of the internal carotid artery. American Journal of Neuroradiology 10: 143-150, January/February 1989.
  42. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Hardin CW: Direct puncture of the proximally occluded internal carotid artery for treatment of carotid cavernous fistulas. American Journal of Neuroradiology 10: 151-154. January/February 1989.
  43. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Hardin CW, Pribram HF: Transvenous embolization of dural fistulas involving the cavernous sinus. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 10: 377-383, March/April 1989.
  44. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Wilson CB, Hardin CW, Kwan E: Treatment of dural fistulas involving the deep cerebral venous system. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 10: 393-399, March/April 1989.
  45. Yang PJ, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Hieshima GB, Wilson CB: Intravascular embolization of a cerebellar arteriovenous malformation for treatment of hemifacial spasm. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 10: 403-405, March/April 1989.
  46. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Mehringer CM, Hardin CW: Transvenous embolization of dural fistulas involving the transverse and sigmoid sinuses. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 10: 385-392, March/April 1989.
  47. Kwan E, Hieshima GB, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Wolpert SM: Interventional neuroradiology in Neuro-ophthalmology: Journal of Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology. 9(2): 83- 97, 1989.
  48. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Cahan LD, Hieshima GB, Konishi Y: Detachable balloon embolization therapy of posterior circulation intracranial aneurysms. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 74, Number 4: 512-519, October 1989.
  49. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Cahan LD, Brant-Zawadzki M, Barnwell S, Dowd C, Hieshima GB: Transluminal angioplasty for treatment of intracranial arterial vasospasm. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 71, Number 5:648-653. November 1989.
  50. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB: Transarterial occlusion of solitary intracerebral arteriovenous connections. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 10, No. 4, 747- 752, July/August 1989.
  51. Yang P, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB: Intravascular embolization of a congenital subclavian arterial venous fistula. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 10, Number 55: 25-27, September 1989.
  52. Barnwell SL, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Wilson CB: Complex dural arteriovenous fistulas: Results of combined endovascular and neurosurgical treatment in 16 patients. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 71, Number 3: 352-358, September 1989.
  53. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB: Interventional Neuroradiology. American Journal of Roentgenology. Volume 153:467-476, September 1989.
  54. Barnwell SL, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd, CF, Hieshima GB: Transluminal angioplasty of intracerebral vessels for cerebral arterial spasm: Reversal of neurologic deficits after delayed treatment. Neurosurgery. Volume 25, Number 3: 424-429, September 1989.
  55. Barnwell SL, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB: Endovascular treatment of scalp arteriovenous fistulas associated with a large varix. Radiology: Volume 173: 533- 539, November 1989.
  56. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Dowd CF, Barnwell SL: Venography and venous pressure monitoring in dural sinus meningiomas. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 10: Number 6: 1209-1214. November/December 1989.
  57. Hieshima GB, Higashida RT, Halbach VV: Intravascular treatment of aneurysms. Clinical Neurosurgery. Volume 36: 338-343, 1989.
  58. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dormandy B, Bell J, Hieshima GB. New microballoon device for transluminal angioplasty of intracranial arterial vasospasm. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 11, Number 2: 233-238, March/April 1990.
  59. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dormandy B, Bell J, Hieshima: Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms using a new silicone microballoon device: Technical considerations and Indications. Radiology. Volume 174:687-691, March 1990.
  60. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Dowd C, Barnwell SL, Hieshima GB: Aneurysms of the petrous portion of the internal carotid artery: Results of treatment with endovascular or surgical occlusion. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 11, Number 2: 253-256,  March/April 1990.
  61. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Wilson CB, Barnwell SL, Dowd CF: Dural arteriovenous fistulas supplied by ethmoidal arteries. Neurosurgery. Volume 26, Number 5, 816-823, 1990.
  62. Barnwell SL, Halbach VV, Dowd C, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB: Dural arteriovenous fistulas involving the Inferior Petrosal Sinus. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 11, Number 3, 511-516, May 1990.
  63. Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Barnwell SL, Higashida RT, Edwards MSB, Hieshima GB: Transfemoral venous embolization of Vein of Galen malformations. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 11, Number 4: 643-648. July/August 1990.
  64. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Barnwell SL, Hieshima GB: Treatment of carotid cavernous fistulas associated with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Neurosurgery. Volume 26, Number 6. pp. 1021-1027. June 1990.
  65. Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Barnwell SL, Hieshima GB: Endovascular coil embolization of unusual PICA aneurysms. Neurosurgery. Volume 27, Number 6: 954-961. December 1990.
  66. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd C, Barnwell SL, Dormandy B, Bell J, Hieshima GB: Endovascular detachable balloon embolization therapy of cavernous carotid artery aneurysms: Results in 87 Cases. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 72, Number 6: 857-863. June 1990.
  67. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Barnwell SL, Dowd C, Dormandy B, Bell J, Hieshima GB: Treatment of intracranial aneurysms with preservation of the parent vessel: Results of percutaneous balloon embolization in 84 patients. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 11, Number 4: 633-640. July/August 1990.
  68. Ciricillo SF, Edwards MSB, Schmidt KG, Hieshima GB, Silverman MD, Higashida RT, Halbach VV : Interventional neuroradiological management of Vein of Galen Malformations in the Neonate. Neurosurgery, Volume 27, Number 1, 22-28, 1990.
  69. Barnwell SL, Ciricillo SF, Halbach VV, Edwards MS, Cogen P. Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB: Intracerebral arteriovenous fistulas associated with intraparenchymal varix in infants. Neurosurgery 26 (1): 122-125, 1990.
  70. Ciricillo SF, Schmidt KG, Silverman NH, Hieshima GB, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Edwards M: Serial ultrasonographic evaluation of neonatal vein of Galen malformations to assess the efficacy of interventional neuroradiologic procedures. Neurosurgery. Volume 27, Number 4, pages 544-548, 1990.
  71. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Barnwell SL, Hieshima GB: Interventional neurovascular treatment of a giant intracranial aneurysm using platinum micro coils. Surgical Neurology. Volume 35, Number 1: 64-68, January 1991.
  72. Wilson CB, Hieshima GB, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Barnwell SL: Interventional radiological adjuncts in cerebrovascular surgery. Clinical Neurosurgery. Volume 37: 332-352. 1991.
  73. Barnwell SL, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB: Direct endovascular thrombolytic therapy for dural sinus thrombosis. Neurosurgery. Volume 28. Number 1: 135-142. February 1991.
  74. Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Halbach VV: Advances in the treatment of complex cerebrovascular disorders by interventional neurovascular techniques. Circulation. Volume 83, Number 2: I-196-206. February 1991.
  75. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Barnwell SL, Dowd CF, Dormandy B, Bell J, Hieshima GB: Treatment of intracranial arterial vasospasm by interventional neurovascular techniques. Neuroradiology. Volume 33: 421-423, 1991.
  76. Barnwell SL, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Wilson CB: A variant of arteriovenous fistulas within the wall of dural sinuses: Results of combined surgical and endovascular therapy. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 74, Number 2: 199-204. February 1991.
  77. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Barnwell SL, Hieshima GB: Vascular perforations resulting from neurointerventional procedures. Neuroradiology. Volume 33: 198-200. 1991.
  78. Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Barnwell SL, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB: Anterior choroidal artery embolization in cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Neuroradiology. Volume 33: 548- 549, 1991.
  79. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Dowd CF, Barnwell SL: Petrous carotid aneurysms treated by endovascular techniques. Neuroradiology. Volume 33: 419-420. 1991.
  80. Higashida RT, Tsai F, Halbach VV, Hieshima GB, Dowd CF, Barnwell SL: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the subclavian, vertebral, and basilar arteries: Technical considerations. Neuroradiology. Volume 33: 394-396, 1991.
  81. Tsai FY, Higashida RT, Matovich V, Alfieri K, Kobayashi S: Seven years experience with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for carotid stenosis. Neuroradiology. Volume 33: 397 - 398. 1991.
  82. Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Barnwell SL, Hieshima GB: Occlusion of the anterior superior ophthalmic vein in carotid-cavernous fistulae acutely aggravating visual   symptoms. Neuroradiology. Volume 33: 142-143. 1991.
  83. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Barnwell SL, Dormandy B, Bell J, Hieshima GB: Interventional neurovascular treatment of intracavernous aneurysms. Neuroradiology. Volume 33: 136-138, 1991.
  84. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Barnwell SL, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB, Dormandy B, Bell J: Interventional therapy for intracranial aneurysms by direct balloon occlusion: Clinical protocol and therapeutic results. Neuroradiology. Volume 33: 139-141. 1991.
  85. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Barnwell SL, Hieshima GB: Treatment of dural arteriovenous fistulas involving the transverse and sigmoid sinuses by transvenous embolization: Results in 20 patients. Neuroradiology. Volume 33:550-552, 1991.
  86. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Barnwell SL, Hieshima GB: Management of vascular perforations that occur during neurointerventional procedures. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 12. Number 2: 319-328. March 1991.
  87. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Barnwell SL, Hieshima GB: Intracranial Aneurysms: Interventional neurovascular treatment with detachable balloons - Results in 215 cases. Radiology. Volume 178. Number 3: 663-670. March 1991.
  88. Barnwell SL, Halbach VV, Dowd C, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB, Wilson CB: Multiple dural arteriovenous fistulas of the cranium and spine. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 12. Number 2:441-445, June 1991.
  89. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Barnwell SL, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB. Transarterial platinum coil embolization of carotid cavernous fistulas. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 12, Number 3: 429-434. June 1991.
  90. Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Barnwell SL, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB: Particulate embolization of the anterior choroidal artery in the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 12, Number 6. Pages 1055-1062. November/December  1991.
  91. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Tsai FY, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB: Intravascular balloon dilatation for intracranial arterial vasospasm: Patient selection, technique, and clinical results. Neurosurgical Review. Volume 15, Number 2. Pages 89-95, 1992.
  92. Tsai FY, Higashida RT, Matovich V, Alfieri K: Acute thrombolysis of the intracranial dural sinus- Direct thrombolytic treatment. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 13, Number 4: 1137-1142, July/August 1992.
  93. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Fraser KW, Smith TP, Teitelbaum GP, Wilson CW, Hieshima GB. Endovascular treatment of vertebral artery dissections and pseudoaneurysms. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 79, Number 2, 183-191, 1992.
  94. Higashida RT, Tsai FY, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Smith T, Fraser K, Hieshima GB: Transluminal angioplasty for atherosclerotic disease of the vertebral and basilar arteries. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 78:193-198, 1993.
  95. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Smith T, Fraser K, Hieshima GB: Endovascular treatment of giant anterior circulation intracranial aneurysms. Journal of Surgery for Cerebral Stroke. Volume 21:113-117, 1993.
  96. Smith TS, Graves VB, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Fraser K, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB. Microcatheter retrieval device for intravascular foreign body removal.. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 14, Number 4, pp. 809-811. 1993.
  97. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Fraser KW, Smith TP, Edwards MS, Barnwell Sl, Teitelbaum GP, Hieshima GB: Treatment of giant intradural (perimedullary) arteriovenous fistulas. Neurosurgery. Volume 33, Number 6; December 1993.
  98. Smith TP, Koci T, Mehringer CM, Tsai FY, Fraser KW, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Hieshima GB: Transarterial embolization of vertebral hemangiomas. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. Volume 4, Number 5, pp: 681-686, 1993.
  99. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Smith T, Fraser K, Teitelbaum G, Hieshima GB: Interventional neurovascular treatment for giant aneurysms of the posterior circulation. Journal of Surgery for Cerebral Stroke. Volume 21, Number 5, 401-406, 1993.
  100. Higashida RT, Tsai FY, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB. Cerebral Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty. Journal of Heart Disease and Stroke. Volume 2, Number 6, pages 497-502. November/December 1993.
  101. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Fraser K, Smith T, Hieshima GB: Endovascular management of acute carotid artery dissections. Journal of Surgery for Cerebral Stroke. Volume 21, Number 5, 407-412, 1993.
  102. Teitelbaum GP, Halbach VV, Fraser KW, Larsen DW, McDougall CG, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB.  Direct puncture coil embolization of maxillofacial high-flow vascular malformation.  Laryngoscope 104:1397-1400,  1994.
  103. Fraser KW, Halbach VV, Teitelbaum GB, Smith TP, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Wilson CB, Hieshima GB: Endovascular platinum coil embolization of incompletely surgically clipped cerebral aneurysms. Surgical Neurology. Volume 41; 4-8. 1994.
  104. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Barnwell SL, Fraser KW, Smith TP, Teitelbaum GP, Hieshima GB: The effectiveness of endosaccular aneurysm occlusion in alleviating the neurological deficits produced by mass effect. Journal of Neurosurgery: Volume 80, Number 4: 659-666. April 1994.
  105. Terada T, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Tsuura M, Komai N, Wilson CB, Hieshima GB: Development of acquired arteriovenous fistulas in rats due to venous hypertension. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 80, Number 5, pp. 884-889. 1994.
  106. Teitelbaum GP, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Larsen DW, McDougall CG, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB: Flow directed use of electrolytically detachable platinum embolization coils. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. Volume 5:453-456. 1994.
  107. Smith TS, Higashida RT, Barnwell SL, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Fraser K, Hieshima GB. Treatment of dural sinus thrombosis by urokinase infusion. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 14:801-808. 1994.
  108. Weiss JP, McLean GK, Modic MT, Tees CR, Higashida RT. Double-Blind study of a new nonionic contrast agent for digital subtraction arteriography. Investigative Radiology. Volume 29; Supp 1; S84-S92; May 1994.
  109. del Zoppo GJ, Higashida RT, Furlan AJ: The case for a Phase III trial of cerebral intra- arterial fibrinolysis. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 15, Number 7. Pages 1217-1222. 1994.
  110. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Barnwell SL, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB: Thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke. Journal of Endovascular Surgery. Volume 1: 4-15. 1994.
  111. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Tsai FY, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB: Interventional neurovascular techniques for cerebral revascularization in the treatment of stroke. American Journal of Roentgenology. Volume 163, No. 4:793-800. 1994.
  112. Yuh WT, Maeda M, Wang A, Crosby DL, Tien RD, Higashida RT, Tsai FY: Fibrinolytic Treatment of Acute Stroke: Are we treating reversible cerebral ischemia. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 16:1994-2000. 1995.
  113. Teitelbaum GP, Dowd CF, Larsen DW, McDougall CG, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB.  Endovascular management of biopsy-related posterior inferior cerebellar artery pseudoaneurysm.   Surgical Neurology 43:357-359, 1995.
  114. Higashida RT, Tsai FY, Halbach VV, Barnwell SL, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB: Interventional neurovascular techniques in the treatment of stroke: State of the Art Therapy. Journal of Internal Medicine. Volume 237:105-115, 1995.
  115. Larsen DW, Halbach VV, Teitelbaum GP, McDougall CG, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas supplied by branches of the internal iliac arteries. Surgical Neurology. Volume 43:35-41;1995.
  116. Smith TP, Halbach VV, Fraser KW, Teitelbaum GP, Dowd CF, Higashida RT: Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of subclavian stenosis from neurofibromatosis. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 16, No. 4: 872-874. April 1995.
  117. Teitelbaum GP, Halbach VV, Larsen DW, McDougall CG, Dowd C, Higashida RT, Hieshima GB: Treatment of massive posterior epistaxis by detachable coil embolization of a cavernous internal carotid artery aneurysm. Neuroradiology 37: 334-336, 1995.
  118. McDougall CG, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Larsen DW, Hieshima GB: Endovascular treatment of basilar tip aneurysms using electrolytically detachable coils. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 84; 393-399, 1996.
  119. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB: Endovascular surgical approach to intracranial vascular diseases. Journal of Endovascular Surgery. Volume 3:146-157, 1996.
  120. Terada T, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Nakai E, Yokote H, Itakura T, Hieshima GB. Transluminal angioplasty for arteriosclerotic disease of distal vertebral and basilar arteries. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry. Volume 60;377-381. 1996.
  121. Higashida RT, Tsai FY, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB: Transluminal angioplasty, thrombolysis, and stenting for extracranial and intracranial cerebral vascular disease. Journal of Interventional Cardiology. Volume 9. Number 3. Pages 245-256. 1996.
  122. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Tsai FY, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB: Transluminal angioplasty of the extracranial carotid artery: Indications and technique- A Multicenter Interventional Neuroradiologists Perspective. Journal of Interventional Cardiology. . Volume 9. Number 3. Pages 233-244. 1996.
  123. Terada T, Tsuura M, Komai N, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Wilson CB, Hieshima GB: The role of angiogenic factor bFGF in the development of dural AVFs. Acta Neurochirugia: 138:877-883, 1996.
  124. Konishi Y, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Larsen DW, McDougall CG, Derugin N, Hieshima GB:  Evaluation of acute thrombosis following microcoil aneurysm treatment in swine.  Advances in Interventional Neuroradiology and Intravascular Neurosurgery.  1:45- 50, 1996.
  125. Balousek PA, Knowles HJ, Higashida RT, del Zoppo GJ: New interventions in cerebrovascular disease: The role of thrombolytic therapy and balloon angioplasty. Current Opinion in Cardiology: 11: 550-557, 1996.
  126. McDougall CG, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Larsen DW, Hieshima GB: Dural arteriovenous fistulas of the marginal sinus. American Journal of Neuroradiology. 18:1565- 1572, 1997.
  127. Balousek PA, Smith WS, Gress DR, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Urwin RW, Lempert T, Higashida RT: Angioplasty and stenting for carotid occlusive disease: Current status and recommendations. Journal of Neurovascular Disease. Volume 2, No. 2. Pages 52-58. 1997.
  128. Pessin MS, Adams HP, Adams R, Fisher M, Furlan AJ, Hacke W, Haley EC, Hazinski MF, Higashida RT, Koroshetz W, Marler JR, Ornato JP: New and Emerging Treatments for Acute Ischemic Stroke. Acute Interventions Panel. American Heart Association. Stroke, Volume 28, Pages 1518-1521, 1997.
  129. Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Urwin RW, Balousek PA, Hieshima GB. Cavernous internal carotid artery aneurysms treated with electrolytically detachable coils. Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology. Volume 17, Number 4; Pages 231-239, 1997.
  130. Higashida RT, Smith W, Gress D, Urwin R, Dowd CF, Balousek P, Halbach VV: Intravascular stenting and endovascular coiling for a ruptured fusiform aneurysm of the basilar artery: Case report and review of the literature. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 87, Number 6, pages 944-949, 1997.
  131. del Zoppo GJ, Higashida RT, Furlan AJ, Pessin M, Rowley HA, Gent M, and the Proact Investigators. PROACT: A Phase II randomized trial of recombinant Pro-Urokinase by direct arterial delivery in acute middle cerebral artery stroke. Stroke. Volume 29. Pages 4- 11, 1998.
  132. Lempert TE, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Urwin RW, Balousek PA, Hieshima GB. Endovascular treatment of pseudoaneurysms with electrolytically detachable coils. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 19; Number 5; Pages 907-911, May 1998.
  133. Terada T, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Hieshima GB. The effect of estrogen on the development of arteriovenous fistulae induced by venous hypertension in rats. Acta Neurochirugica 140: 82-86, 1998.
  134. Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Balousek PA, Urwin RW. Preliminary experience with a new embolic device: An electrolytically detachable fibered coil. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 19, Number 4, Pages 773-777. April 1998.
  135. Wholey MH, Wholey M, Bergeron P, Diethrich ED, Henry M, Laborde JC, Mathias K, Myla S, Roubin GS, Shawl F, Theron JG, Yadav JS, Dorros G, Guimaraens J, Higashida RT, Kumar V, Leon M, Lim M, Londero H, Mesa J, Ramee S, Rodriguez A, Rosenfield K, Teitelbaum G, Vozzi C. Current global status of carotid artery stent placement. Catheterization and Cardiovascular Diagnosis 44:1-6, 1998.
  136. Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Balousek P, Ciricillo S, Edwards MS. Endovascular treatment of mural type vein of Galen malformations. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 89; Pages 74-80, 1998.
  137. Phatouros CC, Higashida RT: Diagnostic cerebral angiography. Carotid and Neurovascular Intervention. Volume 1, Number 1. Pages 10-20. 1998.
  138. McDougall CG, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Larsen DW, Hieshima GB: Causes and management of aneurysmal hemorrhage occurring during embolization of Guglielmi detachable coils. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 89, Pages 87-92, 1998.
  139. Lefkowitz, Teitelbaum G, Giannotta S, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF: The embolization of neurosurgical lesions involving the ophthalmic artery. Neurosurgery. Volume 43, Number 6; Pages 1298-1303. 1998.
  140. Azakie A, McElhinney DB, Higashida RT, Messina LM, Stoney RJ: Innominate Artery Reconstruction: Over three decades of experience. Annals of Surgery. Volume 228; Pages 402-410. 1998.
  141. Malek AM, Higashida RT, Balousek PA, Phatouros CC, Smith WS, Dowd CF, Halbach VV: Endovascular recanalization with balloon angioplasty and stenting of an occluded occipital sinus for treatment of intracranial venous hypertension. Neurosurgery, Volume 44, Number 4, Pages 896-901. 1999.
  142. Phatouros CC, Malek AM, Higashida RT, Smith WS, Mully TW, DeArmond SJ, Dowd CF, Halbach VV. Endovascular stenting of an acutely thrombosed basilar artery. Case Report and Review of the Literature. Neurosurgery. Volume 44; Number 3, Pages 667-673. 1999.
  143. Malek AM, Halbach VV, Phatouros CC, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Wachhorst S, Lawton M,: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula with an associated feeding artery aneurysm: Case  Report. Neurosurgery. Volume 44, Number 4, Pages 877-880. 1999.
  144. Lempert TE, Halbach VV, Malek AM, Phatouros CC, Dowd CF, Higashida RT: Rescue Treatment of Acute Parent Vessel Thrombosis with Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitor during GDC coil embolization. Stroke: 30(3), 693-695, 1999.
  145. Malek AM, Higashida RT, Phatouros CC, Dowd CF, Halbach VV. Treatment of an intracranial aneurysm using a new three-dimensional-shape Guglielmi detachable coil: Technical case report. Neurosurgery, Volume 44, Number 5, Pages 1142-1145; May 1999.
  146. Dowd CF, Phatouros CC, Malek AM, Lempert TE, Meyers PM, Halbach VV, Higashida RT: Embolization of non-ruptured aneurysms. Journal of Interventional Neuroradiology. Suppl. 1; 93-96; 1999.
  147. Malek AM, Higashida RT, Phatouros CC, Halbach VV: A Strangled Wife. Lancet. Volume 353, Page 1324, April 17, 1999.
  148. Phatouros CC, Higashida RT, Malek AM, Meyers PM, Dowd CF, Halbach VV: Clinical use of stents for Carotid Artery Disease. Neurologia Medico-Chirugica. Volume 39, Issue 12, pages 809-827, 1999.
  149. Malek AM, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Phatouros CC, Meyers PM, Dowd CF: Tandem stent deployment for the treatment of a flow limiting basilar artery dissection induced by placement of an intracranial vertebral stent. Volume 45, Number 4, pages 919-924. Neurosurgery. 1999.
  150. Phatouros CC, Halbach VV, Malek AM, Meyers PM, Dowd CF, Higashida RT: Intraventricular Contrast Leakage during ethanol embolization of an arteriovenous malformation. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 20; Pages 1329-1332. August 1999.
  151. Malek AM, Halbach VV, Phatouros CC, Meyers PM, Holmes SM, Dowd CF, Higashida RT: Beating Aneurysm Sign: Angiographic evidence of ruptured aneurysm tamponade by intracranial hemorrhage. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 91, Page 517, September 1999.
  152. Miyawaki L, Dowd CF, Wara W, Albright N, Goldsmith B, Gutin P, Halbach VV, Hieshima GB, Higashida RT, Ling C, Lulu B, Pitts L, Schell M, Smith V, Weaver K, Wilson C, Larson D: Five Year results of LINAC Radio surgery for Arteriovenous Malformations: Outcome for large AVM's. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, and Physics. Volume  44, Number 5; pages 1089-1106. 1999.
  153. Malek AM, Higashida RT, Phatouros CC, Lempert TE, Meyers PM, Gress Dr, Dowd CF, Halbach VV: Treatment of posterior circulation ischemia with percutaneous balloon angioplasty and stent placement. Stroke. Volume 30, Pages 2073-2085. 1999.
  154. Phatouros CC, Malek AM, Higashida RT, Khosla D, Smith W, Dowd CF, Halbach VV: Embolization of the meningohypophyseal trunk causing diabetes insipidus. Case report and review of the literature. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 20, Number 6, Pages 1115-1118. July 1999.
  155. Furlan A, Higashida RT, Wechsler L, Gent M, Rowley H, Kase C, Pessin M, Ahuja A, Callahan F, Clark WM, Silver F, Rivera F, Proact Investigators: Intra-arterial Prourokinase for Acute Ischemic Stroke: The Proact II Study: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, December 1, 1999. Volume 282, Number 21, Pages 2003-2011.
  156. Malek AM, Halbach VV, Phatouros CC, Meyers PM, Dowd CF, Higashida RT: Endovascular treatment of a ruptured intracranial dissecting vertebral aneurysm in a kick boxer. Journal of Trauma. Volume 48, Number 1, Pages 1-3, 1999.
  157. Phatouros CC, Malek AD, Dowd CF, Higashida RT: Simultaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage and carotid cavernous fistula following iatraogenic aneurysm rupture during a balloon assist GDC embolization. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 20, Number 6, Pages 1100-1103. July 1999.
  158. Tsai FY, Koenigsberg RA, Roth T, Eckard D, Dhillon G, McCormick D, Higashida RT, Wang AM: PTA assisted stenting for extracranial vascular disease. Rivista di Neuroradiologia. Volume 12, Supplement 2, Page 80-85, March 1999.
  159. Phatouros CC, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Lempert TE, Malek AM, Meyers PM, Higashida RT: Acquired Pial Arteriovenous Fistula Following Cerebral Vein Thrombosis. Stroke; 30: 2487- 2490. 1999.
  160. Koenigsberg RA, Dave A, McCormick D, Roth T, Wilson A, Weiss J, Higashida RT, Faro SH, Grandinetti LM, Tsai FY: Complicated stent supported cerebrovascular angioplasty: Case Analysis and Review of the Literature. Surgical Neurology. 1999. Volume 53. Issue 5. Pages 465-474.
  161. Malek AM, Higashida RT, Reilly LM, Smith WS, Kang SM, Gress DR, Meyers PM, Phatouros CC, Halbach VV, Dowd CF. Subclavian arteritis and pseudoaneurysm formation secondary to stent infection. Journal of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology. 2000.
  162. Phatouros C, Higashida RT, Malek AM, Halbach VV, Dowd CF: Carotid Artery Stent Placement for Atherosclerotic Disease: Rationale, Technique, and Current Status. State of the Art Review. Radiology. Volume 217; Pages 26-41. October 2000.
  163. Lempert TE, Malek AM, Halbach VV, Phatouros CC, Meyers PM, Dowd CF, Higashida RT: Endovascular treatment of ruptured posterior circulation cerebral aneurysms: Clinical and Angiographic outcomes. Stroke. Volume 31; Number 1. Pages 100-110. January 2000.
  164. Malek AM, Higashida RT, Smith WS, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Phatouros CC, Lempert TE, Meyers PM, Smith WS, Stony R: Patient presentation, angiographic features, and treatment of strangulation-induced dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery. Journal of Neurosurgery. Volume 92, 481-487, March 2000.
  165. Phatouros CC, Higashida RT, Malek AM, Meyers PM, Lempert TE, Dowd CF, Halbach VV: Endovascular stenting for carotid artery stenosis: Preliminary experience using the Shape Memory-Alloy Recoverable-Technology Stent. American Journal of Neuroradiology.  Volume 21;732-738; Number 4; April 2000.
  166. Higashida RT, Hopkins LN, Berenstein A, Halbach VV, Kerber C, and the American   Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Joint Section for  Cerebrovascular Neurosurgery, Congress of Neurological Surgeons, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, American Society of Neuroradiology: Program Requirements for Residency/Fellowship Education in Neuroendovascular Surgery/Interventional Neuroradiology. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 21, Pages 1153-1159. 2000.
  167. American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Joint Section for Cerebrovascular Neurosurgery, Congress of Neurological Surgeons, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, American Society of Neuroradiology, Higashida RT, Hopkins LN, Berenstein A, Halbach VV, Kerber C: Program Requirements for Residency/Fellowship Education in Neuroendovascular Surgery/Interventional Neuroradiology. Neurosurgery. Volume 46, Number 6, 1486-1497. 2000.
  168. Malek AM, Higashida RT, Phatouros CC, Lempert TE, Meyers PM, Smith WS, Dowd CF, Halbach VV: Stent Angioplasty for Cervical Carotid Artery Stenosis in High-Risk Symptomatic NASCET-Ineligible Patients. Stroke. Volume 31: 3029-3033. 2000.
  169. Dowd CF, Meyers PM, Malek, AM, Phatouros CC, Lempert TE, Lefler JE, Higashida RT, Halbach VV: Pre-Operative embolization and endovascular treatment of midline facial and skull base Lesions. Operative Techniques in Neurosurgery. Volume 3, Number 1, Pages 2- 15. March 2000.
  170. Meyers PM, Higashida RT, Phatouros CC, Malek AM, Lempert TE, Dowd CF, Halbach VV: Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after percutaneous transluminal stenting of the cervicocranial arteries. Neurosurgery. Volume 47, Number 2, 335-345; August 2000.
  171. Malek AM, Halbach VV, Phatouros CC, Lempert TE, Meyers PM, Dowd CF, Higashida RT: Balloon-assist technique for endovascular coil embolization of geometrically difficult intracranial aneurysms. Neurosurgery. Volume 46, Number 6, Pages 1397-1407. June 2000.
  172. Higashida RT: Evolution of a new multidisciplinary subspecialty: Interventional Neuroradiology/Neuroendovascular Surgery. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 21, Pages 1151-1152. 2000.
  173. Meyers PM, Halbach VV, Phatouros CC, Dowd CR, Malek AM, Lempert TE, Lefler JE, Higashida RT: Hemorrhagic Complications in Vein of Galen malformations. Annals of Neurology; Volume 47; Pages 748-755. 2000.
  174. Meyers PM, Halbach VV, Malek AM, Phatouros CC, Dowd CF, Lawton MT, Higashida RT: Endovascular treatment of cerebral artery aneurysms during pregnancy. American Journal of Neuroradiology: Volume 21: Pages 1306-1311. August 2000.
  175. Phatouros CC, Sasaki TYJ, Higashida RT, Malek AM, Meyers P, Dowd CF, Halbach VV. Stent-supported coil embolization: The treatment of fusiform and wide-neck aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms. Neurosurgery. Volume 47; Number 1; Pages 107-115. July 2000.
  176. Johnston SC, Wilson CB, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, McDermott MW,  Applebury CB, Farley TL, Gress DR: Endovascular and Surgical Treatment of Unruptured Cerebral Aneurysms: Comparison of Risks. Annals of Neurology. Volume 48; Pages 11-19, 2000.
  177. Malek AM, Higashida RT, Phatouros CC, Lempert TE, Meyers PM, Smith WS, Dowd CF, Halbach VV: Endovascular management of extracranial carotid artery dissection achieved using stent angioplasty. American Journal of Neuroradiology 21:1280-1292, August 2000.
  178. Wholey MH, Wholey M, Mathias K, Roubin GS, Diethrich EB, Henry M, Bailey S, Bergeron P, Dorros G, Eles G, Gaines P, Gomez CR, Gray B, Guimaraens J, Higashida R, Ho DSW, Katzen B, Kambara A, et al: Global Experience in Cervical Carotid Artery Stent Placement. Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions 50:160-167, 2000.
  179. Phatouros CC, Lefler JE, Higashida RT, Meyers PM, Malek AM, Dowd CF, Halbach VV. Primary stenting for high-grade basilar artery stenosis. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 21:1744-1749, October 2000.
  180. Rapp JH, Pan XM, Sharp FR, Shah DM, Wille GA, Velez, PM, Troyer A, Higashida RT, Saloner D. Atheroemboli to the Brain: Size Threshold for causing Acute Neuronal Death. Journal of Vascular Surgery. 2000; 32: 68-76.
  181. Emergency interventional stroke therapy: A Statement from the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology and Society of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology. (Higashida, RT, collaborator) Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 2001; Volume12: Number 2. Pages 143 and the American Journal of Neuroradiology. volume 22: 54; January 2001.
  182. Intra-arterial Thrombolysis: Ready for Prime Time?  (Higashida, RT, collaborator) Executive Committee of the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 22: 55-58; January 2001.
  183. Higashida RT, Connors JJ: Should Interventional Radiologists by Involved in Acute Stroke Intervention?. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. Volume 12, Number 2, February 2001. Pages 145-146.
  184. Meyers PM, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Lempert TE, Lefler JE, Malek AM, Phatouros CC, Higashida RT: Endovascular treatment of a ruptured dual aperture cavernous aneurysm. Journal of Neuroimaging. 2001; 11: 71-75.
  185. Reporting Terminology for Brain Arteriovenous Malformation: Clinical and Radiographic Features for use in Clinical Trials.  (Higashida, RT, collaborator) Technology Assessment Committee, American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Joint Section on Cerebrovascular Neurosurgery, and the Section of Stroke and the Section of Interventional Neurology of the American Academy of Neurology. Stroke 2001: 32: 1430- 1442.
  186. Singh V, Meyers PM, Halbach VV, Gress DR, Higashida RT, Smith WS: Dural arteriovenous fistula associated with prothrombin gene mutation. Journal of Neuroimaging. 2001;Volume 11: 319-321.
  187. Dawson RC, Barr JD, Connors JJ, Dowd CF, Duckwiler G, Eckard DA, Hendrix LE, Higashida RT, Horton JA, Hurst RW, Jensen ME, Kerber CW, Marks MP, Mathis JM, Moser FG, Pile-Spellman J, Purdy PD, Russell EJ, Sanders WP, Tarr RW, Tomsick TA, Wallace RC, Wojak J: Standards of Practice: The American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 22, Number 8. September 2001.
  188. Chun JY, Smith W, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Wilson CB, Lawton MT: Current Multimodality Management of Infectious Intracranial Aneurysms. Neurosurgery, Volume 48, Number 6, 1203-1214, 2001.
  189. Kase CS, Furlan AJ, Wechsler LR, Higashida RT, Rowley HA, Hart RG, Molinari GF, Frederick LS, Roberts HC, Gebel JM, Sila CA, Schulz GZ, Roberts RS, Gent M, and the Proact Investigators. Cerebral hemorrhage after intra-arterial thrombolysis for ischemic stroke. The Proact II trial. Neurology 57: 1603-1610. 2001.
  190. Gress DR, Smith WS, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Finley RJ, Higashida RT: Angioplasty for Intracranial Symptomatic Vertebrobasilar Ischemia. Neurosurgery 2002. Volume 51, Number 1, Pages 23-29.
  191. Halim AX, Singh V, Johnston C, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Lawton MT, Gress DR, McCulloch CE, Young WL, UCSF BAVM Study Project: Characteristics of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations with Coexisting Aneurysms: A Comparison of Two Referral Centers. Stroke. 2002; Volume 33. Pages 675-679.
  192. Chun J, Berger MS, McDermott M, Lamborn K, Wilson CB, Higashida RT: Delayed surgical resection reduces intraoperative blood loss in embolized meningiomas. Neurosurgery.  2002. Volume 50, Number 6, Pages 1231-1238.
  193. Singh V, Gress DR, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Johnston C: The learning curve for coil embolization of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 23. Pages 768-771, May 2002.
  194. n-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Embolization of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations: Results of a Prospective, Randomized, Multi-Center Trial. (Higashida RT, collaborator) The n-BCA Trial Investigators. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 23. Pages 748-755. May 2002.
  195. Roberts HC, Dillon WP, Furlan AJ, Wechsler LR, Rowley HA, Fischbein NJ, Higashida RT, Kase C, Schulz GA, Lu Y, Firszt CM, and the Proact Investigators: Computed Topographic findings in patients undergoing intra-arterial thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke due to Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion: Results from the Proact II Trial. Stroke. Volume 33; Pages 1557-1567, 2002.
  196. Meyers PM, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Lempert TE, Malek AM, Phatouros CC, Lefler JE, Higashida RT: Dural carotid cavernous fistula: Definitive endovascular management and long-term follow up. American Journal of Ophthalmology. Volume 134; Pages 85-92; 2002.
  197. Claiborne SC, Higashida RT, Barrow DL, Caplan LR, Dion JE, Hademenos G, Hopkins LN, Molyneux A, Rosenwasser RH, Vinuela F, Wilson CB: Recommendations for the Endovascular Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms. A Statement for Healthcare Professionals from the Committee on Cerebrovascular Imaging of the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Radiology. Stroke 2002: Volume 33. Pages 2536- 2544.
  198. Phatouros CC, Meyers PM, Higashida RT, Malek AM, Lempert TE, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Morrish WF: Intracranial hemorrhage and cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after extracranial carotid artery angioplasty and stent placement. American Journal of Neuroradiology 2002: 23: 503-504.
  199. Wechsler LR, Roberts R, Furlan A, Higashida RT, Dillon W, Roberts H, Rowley H, Pettigrew LC, Callahan AS, Bruno A, Fayad P, Smith WS, Firszt CM, Schulz GA, and the Proact II Investigators: Factors influencing outcome and treatment effect in Proact II. Stroke 2003. Volume 34; 1224-1229.
  200. Adams HP, Adams RJ, Brott T, del Zoppo GJ, Furlan A, Goldstein LB, Grubb RL,   Higashida RT, Kidwell C, Kwiatkowski TG, Marler JR, Hademenos GJ: Guidelines for the Early Management of Patients with Ischemic Stroke: A Scientific Statement from the Stroke Council of the American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2003; 34:1056-1083.
  201. Hill MD, Rowley HA, Adler F, Eliasziw M, Furlan A, Higashida RT, Wechsler LR, Roberts HC, Dillon WP, Fischbein NJ, Firszt CA, Schulz G, Buchan AM. for the PROACT-II Investigators. Selection of Acute Ischaemic Stroke Patients for Intra-Arterial Thrombolysis with Prourokinase Using ASPECTS. Stroke 2003; 34: 246-247.
  202. Derdeyn CP, Barr JD, Berenstein A, Connors JJ, Dion JE, Duckwiler GR, Higashida RT, Tomsick T: The International Subarachnoid Aneurysm Trial: A Position Statement from the Executive Committee of the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology. American Journal of Neuroradiology. 2003. Volume 24. Pages 1404-1408.
  203. Hashimoto T, Wen G, Lawton MT, Boudreau NJ, Bollen AW, Yang GY, Barbaro NM, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Young WL, UCSF Brain AVM Study Group: Abnormal Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinases in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations. Stroke 2003; 34:925-931.
  204. Latchaw RE, Yonas H, Hunter GJ, Yuh WT, Ueda T, Sorensen AG, Sunshine JL, Biller J, Wechsler L, Higashida RT, Hademenos G: Guidelines and Recommendations for Perfusion Imaging in Cerebral Ischemia. A Scientific Statement for Healthcare Professionals by the Writing Group on Perfusion Imaging, from the Council on Cardiovascular Radiology of the American Heart Association. Stroke 2003, 34:1084-1104.
  205. Ng PP, Halbach VV, Quinn R, Balousek P, Caragine LP, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Wilson CB: Endovascular Treatment for Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae of the Superior Petrosal Sinus. Neurosurgery 2003. Volume 53, Pages 25-33; July 2003.
  206. Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Higashida RT: Meningiomas: The Role of Pre-Operative Angiography and Embolization. Neurosurgical Focus. 2003.
  207. 206.        Caragine LP, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Ng PP, Higashida RT.   Parallel venous channel as the recipient pouch in transverse/sigmoid sinus dural fistulae.  Neurosurgery 2003. December 53(6):1261-1266;   Discussion 1266-1267.
  208. Ng P, Halbach VV, Caragine LP, Dowd CF, Higashida RT: Guglielmi Detachable Coil Extraction: Suction Generated by Pusher-Wire Withdrawal after Coil Detachment within an Intracranial Aneurysm. American Journal of Neuroradiology 2003: 24: 982-984.
  209. Higashida RT, Furlan AJ, Roberts H, Tomsick T, Connors B, Barr J, Dillon W, Warach S, Broderick J, Tilley B, Sacks D, for the Technology Assessment Committees of the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology and the Society of Interventional Radiology. Trial Design and Reporting Standards for Intra-Arterial Cerebral Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke. Stroke, 2003: Volume 34. Pages 1923-1924. and Stroke 2003; 34:e109-e137. and the Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 2003; 14:945-946.
  210. Rapp JH, Pan XM, Yu B, Swanson RA, Higashida RT, Simpson P, Saloner D: Cerebral Ischemia and Infarction From Atheroemboli <100um in Size. Stroke. 2003; 34:1976-1980.
  211. Ng P, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Halbach VV: Endovascular Strategies for the Treatment of Carotid Cavernous and Intracerebral Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae. Neurosurgical Focus. Volume 15, Number 4. October 2003.
  212. Barr JD, Connors JJ, Sacks D, Wojak JC, Becker GJ, Cardella JF, Chopko B, Dion JE, Fox AJ, Higashida RT, Hurst RW, Lewis CA, Matalon TAS, Nesbit GM, Pollock JA, Russell EJ, Seidenwurm DJ, Wallace RC, for the ASITN and SIR Standards of Practice Committees. Quality Improvement Guidelines for the Performance of Cervical Carotid Angioplasty and Stent Placement. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 2003. Volume 14,  Pages S321-S335. and the Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 2003; 14:1079-1093. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 24:2020-2034, 2003.
  213. Jou LD, Quick CM, Young WL, Lawton ML, Higashida RT, Martin A, Saloner D: Computational approach to quantifying hemodynamic forces in giant cerebral aneurysms. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 24, Pages 1804-1810. 2003.
  214. Higashida RT: Endovascular angioplasty and stenting for intracranial atherosclerosis. Japan Journal of Stroke. Volume 25. 353-355; 2003.
  215. Yu W, Binder D, Foster-Barber A, Malek R, Smith WS, Higashida RT: Endovascular embolectomy of acute basilar artery occlusion. Neurology. 61: 1421-1423. 2003.
  216. Ng PP, Halbach VV, Balousek P, Quinn R, Caragine LP, Dowd CF, Higashida RT: Endovascular and surgical treatment for dural arteriovenous fistulae of the superior petrosal sinus. Rivista di Neuroradiologia. Volume 16, Pages 1291-1297, December 2003.
  217. Schumacher HC, Khaw AV, Meyers PM, Gupta R, Higashida RT: Intracranial angioplasty and stent placement for cerebral atherosclerosis. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. Volume 15:S123-132. 2004.
  218. IMS Study Investigators.  (Higashida RT, collaborator).    Combines intravenous and intra- arterial recanalization for acute ischemic stroke:  The Interventional Management of Stroke Study.   Stroke 2004, April 35(4):904-911.  EPub 2004, March 11.
  219. Ng PP, Higashida RT, Cullen SP, Malek R, Dowd CF, Halbach VV: Intra-Arterial Thrombolysis Trials in Acute Ischemic Stroke". Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. Volume 15:S77-S85; 2004.
  220. Khaw AV, Schumacher HC, Meyers PM, Gupta R, Higashida RT: Extracranial revascularization therapy: Angioplasty and Stenting. Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine 2004; 6(3): 179-192.
  221. Kim EJ, Halim AX, Dowd CF, Lawton MT, Singh V, Bennett J, Young WL, UCSF BAVM Study Project, et al  (Higashida, RT, collaborator): The relationship of coexisting extranidal aneurysms to intracranial hemorrhage in patients harboring brain arteriovenous malformations. Neurosurgery. Volume 54: Pages 1349-1358. 2004.
  222. Smith WS, Dowd CF, Johnston C, Ko KU, DeArmond SJ, Dillon WP, Setty D, Lawton MT, Young WL, Higashida RT, Halbach VV: Neurotoxicity of intra-arterial papaverine preserved with chlorobutanol used for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 35:2518-2522; 2004.
  223. Schumacher HC, Khaw AV, Meyers PM, Gupta R, Higashida RT: Intracranial Revascularization Therapy: Angioplasty and Stenting. Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine 2004; 6(3): 193-198.
  224. Higashida RT, Meyers PM, Phatouros CC, Connors JJ, Barr JD, Sacks D, and the Technology Assessment Committees of the American Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology and the Society of Interventional Radiology: Reporting Standards for Carotid Artery Angioplasty and Stent Placement. Stroke 2004;35:1225-1226; and 3112-e133. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology. 15:E1-E24; 2004; Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 20:S349-S373; 2004.
  225. Ko NU, Achrol AS, Chopra M, Saha M, Gupta D, Smith WS, Higashida RT, Young WL. Cerebral blood flow changes after endovascular treatment of cerebrovascular stenosis. American Journal of Neuroradiology. March 2005;26:538-542.
  226. Martin A, Saloner D, Roberts T, Heidi R, Weber OM, Dillon W, Cullen S, Halbach VV,  Dowd CF, Higashida RT: Carotid stent delivery in an XMR suite: Immediate assessment of the physiologic impact of extracranial revascularization". American Journal of Neuroradiology. March 2005; 26: 531-537.
  227. Ko NU, Achrol AA, Martin AJ, Chopra M, Saloner DA, Higashida RT, Young WL: Magnetic resonance perfusion tracks 133 Xenon Cerebral Blood flow changes after carotid stenting. Stroke, 36:676-678; March 2005.
  228. Yu W, Smith WS, Singh V, Ko NU, Cullen SP, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Higashida RT: Long- term outcome of endovascular stenting for symptomatic basilar artery stenosis. Neurology 64:1055-1057; 2005.
  229. Smith WS, Sung G, Starkman S, Saver JL, Kidwell CS, Gobin P, Lutsep HL, Nesbit GM, Grobelny T, Rymer MM, Silverman IE, Higashida RT, Budzik RF, Marks MP, for the MERCI Trial Investigators. Safety and efficacy of mechanical embolectomy in acute ischemic  stroke. Results of the MERCI Trial. Stroke. 2005;36:1432-1440.
  230. Fullerton HJ, Achrol AS, Johnston SC, McCulloch CE, Higashida RT, Lawton ML, Sidney S, Young WL, & the UCSF BAVM Study Project: Long-Term Hemorrhage Risk in Children Versus Adults With Brain Arteriovenous Malformations. Stroke 2005;36:2099-2104.
  231. Meyers SP, Higashida RT: Endovascular treatment of extracranial carotid artery stenosis: Update on carotid angioplasty and stenting. Neuroimaging Clinics of North America: 2005 May;15(2):383-395.
  232. Liang-Der J, Wong G, Dispensa B, Lawton MT, Higashida RT, Young WL, Saloner D: Correlation between luminal geometry changes and hemodynamics in fusiform intracranial aneurysms. American Journal of Neuroradiology. October 2005;26(9):2357-2363.
  233. Lutsep H, Rymer for the MERCID Investigators Recanalization Rates and Outcomes in Patients with Posterior Circulation Stroke in the MERCI Trial.  (Higashida, RT, collaborator)   Stroke 2005;36:203-204.
  234. Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Juravsky L, Meagher S: Initial clinical experience with a New Self-Expanding Nitinol Stent for the Treatment of Intracranial Cerebral Aneurysms: The Cordis Enterprise Stent. American Journal of Neuroradiology 26:1751- 1756, August 2005.
  235. Higashida RT: Recent advances in the interventional treatment of acute ischemic stroke. Cerebrovascular Diseases: 2005;20(suppl 2):140-147.
  236. Higashida RT, Meyers PM, Connors JJ, Sacks D, Strother CM, Barr JD, Wojak JC, Duckwiler GR: Intracranial Angioplasty & Stenting for Cerebral Atherosclerosis: A Position Statement of the Society of Interventional and Therapeutic Neuroradiology, Society of Interventional Radiology, and the American Society of Neuroradiology. American Journal of Neuroradiology 2005: 26(9);2323-2327. Journal of Vascular & Interventional Radiology 2005. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 20:S312-S316; 2009.
  237. Meyers PM, Schumacher C, Higashida RT, Leary MC, Caplan LR: Use of stents to treat extracranial cerebral vascular disease. Annual Review of Medicine. 2006. 57:437-454.
  238. Wintermark M, Ko NU, Smith WS, Liu S, Higashida RT, Dillon W: Vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage: Utility of Perfusion-CT and CT-Angiography on Diagnosis and Management. AJNR (27)26-34, 2006.
  239. Safety of mechanical thrombectomy and intravenous t-PA in acute ischemic stroke. Results of the Multi MERCI Trial, Part I. Multi MERCI Writing Committee for the Multi MERCI Investigators (Higashida RT, collaborator): American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 27;1177-1182. 2006.
  240. Higashida RT, Meyers PM: Intracranial angioplasty and stenting for cerebral atherosclerosis: New treatments for stroke are needed. Neuroradiology. June 2006. Volume 48:367-372.
  241. The Cerebral Aneurysm Re-rupture After Treatment (CARAT) Investigators (Higashida RT, collaborator): Rates of delayed re-bleeding from intracranial aneurysms are low after surgical and endovascular treatment. Stroke 2006;37:1437-1442.
  242. Higashida RT, Cognard C, Bracard S: Initial clinical experience with a new complex-  shaped detachable platinum coil system for the treatment of intracranial cerebral aneurysms: The Cordis Trufill DCS Detachable Coil System. Interventional Neuroradiology. Volume 12, Number 2, Page 123-130. 2006.
  243. Hill MD, Kent D, Hinchey JA, Higashida RT, Dillon W, Wechsler L, Rowley H, Fischbein N, Gent M, Furlan A, Schulz GA: Sex-Based differences in the effect of intra-arterial treatment of stroke: Analysis of the PROACT-2 Study. Stroke 37; 2322-2325; 2006.
  244. Caragine LP, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Higashida RT.   Intra-orbital arteriovenous fistulae of the ophthalmic veins treated by transvenous endovascular occlusion.  Neurosurgery.   2006.  February 58(1 Suppl):ONS-E170; Discussion ONS-E170.
  245. Adams HP, del Zoppo G, Alberts MJ, Bhatt DL, Brass L, Furlan A, Grubb RL, Higashida RT, Jauch EC, Kidwell C, Lyden P, Morgenstern LB, Qureshi AI, Rosenwasser RH, Scott PA, Wijdicks EFM. Guidelines for the Early Management of Adults with Ischemic Stroke: A Guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council, Clinical Cardiology Council, Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention Council, and the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease and Quality of Care Outcomes In Research Interdisciplinary Working Groups. Stroke 2007; 38:1655-1711.
  246. Meyers PM, Schumacher C, Tanji K, Higashida RT, Caplan LR: Use of Stents to Treat Intracranial Cerebrovascular Disease. Annual Review of Medicine. 58: 107-122. 2007.
  247. Dispensa BP, BA, David A. Saloner, PhD, Gabriel Acevedo-Bolton, PhD, Achal S. Achrol, BS, Liang-der Jou, PhD, Charles E. McCulloch, PhD, K.Y. Trudy Poon, MS, S. Claiborne Johnston, MD, PhD, Higashida RT, MD, Christopher F. Dowd, MD, Van V. Halbach, MD, Nerissa U. Ko, MD, Michael T. Lawton, MD, Alastair J. Martin, Nancy J. Quinnine, RN, William L. Young, MD. Estimation of fusiform intracranial aneurysm growth by serial magnetic resonance imaging. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Volume 26; 177- 183. 2007.
  248. Higashida RT, Lahue B, Torbey MT, Hopkins LN, Leip E, Hanley DF: Treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. A nationwide assessment of effectiveness. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 28. Pages 146-151. 2007.
  249. Martin AJ, Cha S, Higashida RT, Cullen SP, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, McDermott MW, Saloner DA: Assessment of meningioma vasculature and the effects of embolization with intra-arterial MR perfusion imaging. A feasibility study. American Journal of Neuroradiology. Volume 28; Pages 1771-1777. October 2007.
  250. Kim H, Sidney S, McCulloch CE, Poon KYT, Singh V, Johnston SC, Ko NU, Achrol AS, Lawton MT, Higashida RT, Young WL, for the UCSF BAVM Study Project: Racial/Ethnic differences in longitudinal risk of intracranial hemorrhage in brain arteriovenous malformation patients. Stroke. Volume 38;2430-2437. 2007.
  251. Hetts S, Narvid J, Singh TJ, Meagher S, Corcoran K, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Halbach VV: Association between lumbar epidural injection and development of acute paraparesis in patients with spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. American Journal of Neuroradiology. 2007. Volume 28:581-583.
  252. Boussel L, Dispensa B, Martin A, Higashida RT, Lawton M, Young W: Monitoring serial change in the lumen and outer wall of vertebro-basilar aneurysms". American Journal of Neuroradiology;29;259-264;  2008.
  253. Johnston SC, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Lawton ML, Duckwiler GR, Gress DR: Predictors of re-hemorrhage after treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms: The Cerebral Aneurysm Re-rupture After Treatment (CARAT) Study. Stroke. Volume 39; Pages 120-125.2008.
  254. Smith WS, Sung GY, Saver J, Budzik R, Duckwiler G, Liebeskind DS, Lutsep HL, Rymer MM, Higashida RT, Starkman S, Gobin YP: Mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: Final results of the Multi MERCI Trial. Stroke 2008; 39;1205-1212.
  255. Higashida RT: Management of Carotid Stenosis: Carotid Stenting. New England Journal of Medicine. April 10, 2008:358;15, 1617-1621.
  256. Ko NU, Rajendren R, Kim H, Rutkowski M, Pawlikowska L, Kwok PY, Higashida RT, Lawton MT, Smith WS, Zaroff JG, Young WL: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase
  257. polymorphisms and increased risk of angiographic vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 2008. Volume 39:1103-1108.
  258. Narvid J, Hetts SW, Larsen D, Neuhaus J, Singh TP, McSwain H, Lawton MT, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Halbach VV: Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulae: Clinical features and long- term results. Neurosurgery 62;159-167, 2008.
  259. Boussel L, Rayz V, McCulloch C, Martin A, Acevedo-boulton G, Lawton M, Higashida RT, Smith WS, Young WL, Saloner D: Aneurysm growth occurs at regions of low wall shear stress: Patient-specific correlation of hemodynamics and growth in a longitudinal study. Stroke 2008.
  260. Lutsep H, Rymer M, Nesbit G Vertebrobasilar Revascularization Rates and Outcomes in the MERCI and Multi-MERCI Trials.  (Higashida, RT, collaborator)  Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Vol. 17, No. 2 (March-April), 2008: pp 55-57.
  261. Rayz VL, Boussel L, Acevedo-Bolton G, Martin AJ, Young WL, Lawton MT, Higashida RT, Saloner D: Numerical simulations of flow in cerebral aneurysms: Comparison of Computational Fluid Dynamic results and in vivo MRI measurements. Annals of Biomedical Engineering. Volume 36; Issue 11; Pgs 1793-1804; Sept 2008. ISSN0090-6964 (Print) 1573-9686 (Online).
  262. Elijovich L, Higashida RT, Lawton MT, Duckwiler G, Giannotta S, Johnston SC, and the Cerebral Aneurysm Re-rupture After Treatment (CARAT) Investigators.  Predictors and outcomes of intra-procedure rupture in patients treated for ruptured intracranial aneurysms: The CARAT study.  Stroke 2008;  May:39(5):1501-1506.  EPub 2008, March 6.
  263. Easton DJ, Saver J, Albers GW, Johnston SC, Kidwell C, Sacco RL, Alberts MJ,   Chaturvedi S, Feldmann E, Hatsukami TS, Higashida RT, Lutsep H, Miller E: Definition and Evaluation of Transient Ischemic Attack: A Scientific Statement for Health Care Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council, Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia Council, and the Cardiovascular Nursing Council, and the Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease Working Group. Stroke 2009; 40:2276-2293.
  264. Meyers PM, Schumacher HC, Higashida RT, Barnwell SL, Creager MA, Gupta R, McDougall CG, Pandey DK, Sacks D, Wechsler LR: Indications for the Performance of Intracranial Endovascular Neurointerventional Procedures. A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention, Stroke Council, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, Interdisciplinary Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease, and Interdisciplinary Council on Quality of Care and  Outcomes Research. Circulation Online April 6, 2009; DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192217;  CIRCULATION.  200-0:119:0-0.
  265. Martin AJ, Back B, Acevedo-Bolton G, Higashida RT, Comstock J, Saloner DA: MR Imaging during Endovascular Procedures: An Evaluation of the Potential for Catheter Heating. Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Medicine. 61:45-53; 2009.
  266. Hetts SW, Narvid J, Sanai N, Lawton MT, Gupta N, Fullerton HJ, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Halbach VV: Intracranial Aneurysms in Childhood: 27- Year Single-Institution Experience. American Journal of Neuroradiology; April 8, 2009 as 10.3174/ajnr.A1587; 1-10.
  267. Nogueira RG, Smith WS and on Behalf of the MERCI and Multi MERCI Writing Committee Safety.  (Higashida, RT, collaborator)  Efficacy of Endovascular Thrombectomy in Patients With Abnormal Hemostasis. Pooled Analysis of the MERCI and Multi MERCI Trials. Stroke 2009  Feb;40(2):516-22.
  268. Meyers PM, Schumacher HC, Alexander MJ, Derdeyn CP, Furlan AJ, Higashida RT, Moran CJ, Tarr RW, Heck DV, Hirsch JA, Jensen ME, Linfante I, McDougall CG, Nesbit GM, Rasmussen P, Tomsick TA, Wechsler LR, Wilson JR, Zaidat OO: Performance and training standards for endovascular ischemic stroke treatment: Writing Group for the American Academy of Neurology, AANS/CNS Cerebrovascular Section, Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery, and the Society of Vascular and Interventional Neurology. Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery. Volume 1; Pages 10-12; 2009.
  269. Latchaw RE, Alberts MJ, Lev MH, Connors JJ, Harbaugh RE, Higashida RT, Hobson R, Kidwell CS, Koroshetz WJ, Mathews V, Villablanca P, Warach S, Walters B: Recommendations for Imaging of Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. From the Special Writing Group, American Heart Association (Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention and Council on Stroke, and the Interdisciplinary Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease). Stroke. Published Online September 24, 2009. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.192616.
  270. Schumacher HC, Meyers PM, Higashida RT, Derdeyn CP, Lavine SD, Nesbit GM, Sacks D, Rasmussen P, Wechsler LR: Reporting Standards for Angioplasty and Stent-Assisted Angioplasty for Intracranial Atherosclerosis. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 20:S451-S473; 2009. Stroke 40(5):e348-e365, 2009. Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery ; 2:324-340; 2010.
  271. Meyers PM, Schumacher C, Higashida RT, Derdeyn CP, Nesbit GM, Sacks D, Wechsler LR, Bederson JB, Lavine SD, Rasmussen P: Reporting Standards for Endovascular Repair of Saccular Intracranial Cerebral Aneurysms. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 20:S435-S450; 2009. Stroke 40(5):e366-e379. 2009. Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery ; 2:312-323; 2010.
  272. Potter CA, Armstrong-Wells J, Fullerton HJ, Young WL, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Hetts SW.  Neonatal giant pial arteriovenous malformation:  Genesis or rapid enlargement in the third trimester.  Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery.  1:151-153, 2009.
  273. Higashida RT, Popma JJ, Apruzzese P, Zimetbaum P, Maveric I and II Investigators: Evaluation of the Medtronic Exponent Self-Expanding Carotid Stent System With the Medtronic Guardwire Temporary Occlusion and Aspiration System in the Treatment of Carotid Stenosis. Combined from the Maveric (Medtronic AVE Self-expanding CaRotid Stent System with distal protection In the treatment of Carotid Stenosis) I and Maveric II Trials. Stroke 2009. December 28, 2009. Online at: http://stroke.ahajournals.org. Issn: Online: 1524-4628. Print Issn: 0039-2499.
  274. Shi ZS, Loh Y, Walker G, Duckwiler GR, and the MERCI and Multi-MERCI Investigators. (Higashida RT, collaborator).  Clinical outcomes in middle cerebral artery trunk occlusions versus secondary division occlusions after mechanical thrombectomy:  Pooled analysis of the Mechanical Embolus Removal in Cerebral Ischemia (MERCI) and Multi MERCI trials. Stroke.  2010;  May:41(5):953-960.  Epub 2010, April 8.
  275. Appelboom G, Strozyk, Meyers PM, Higashida RT: Current recommendations for endovascular interventions in the treatment of ischemic stroke. Current Atheroscler Rep (2010) 12:244-250.   DOI 10.1 007/s11883-010-0115-6.
  276. Brott, TG, Hobson RW, Howard G, Roubin GS, for the CREST Investigators (Higashida RT, collaborator): Stenting versus Endarterectomy for Treatment of Carotid-Artery Stenosis. New England Journal of Medicine. Volume 363; No. 1; 11-23; 2010.
  277. Shi ZS, Loh Y, Walker G, Duckwiler GR, and the MERCI and Multi MERCI Investigators (Higashida RT, collaborator).  Endovascular thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke in failed intravenous tissue plasminogen activator versus non-intravenous tissue plasminogen activator patients:  Revascularization and outcomes stratified by the site of arterial occlusions.  Stroke June:41(6):1185-1192.  EPub 2010. April 29.
  278. Jun P, Ko NU, English JD, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Lawton MT, Hetts SW. Endovascular treatment of medically refractory cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.  American Journal of Neuroradiology.  November 31 (10):1911- 1916.  Epub 2010, July 8.
  279. Antonietti L, Sheth SA, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Lawton MT, English JD, Hetts SW.  Long term outcome in the repair of spinal cord perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas.  American Journal of Neuroradiology  2010.  November;31(10):1825-1830.  EPUb 2010, September 2.
  280. Macdonald RL, Higashida RT, Keller E, Mayer SA, Molyneux A, Raabe A, Vajkoczy P, Wanke I, Frey A, Marr A, Roux S, Kassell NF:  Preventing vasospasm improves outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage:    Rationale and design of CONSCIOUS-2 and CONSCIOUS-3 Trials.  Neurocritical Care (2010) 13: 416-424.  DOI 10.1007/s12028-010-9433-3.
  281. Gorelick PB, Scuteri A, Black SE, DeCarliC, Greenberg SM, Iadecola C, Launer LJ,   Laurent S, Lopez OL, Nyenhuis D, Petersen RC, Schneider JA, Tzourio C, Arnett DK, Bennett DA, Chui HC, Higashida RT, Lindquist R, Nilsson Pm, Roman GC, Selke FW, Seshadri S: Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impariment and Dementia: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke  Association Council on Stroke and Council on Epidemiology and Prevention. Co-  Sponsered by the Councils on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention, Cardiovascular Nursing, and Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia. Stroke, July 21, 2011; Online ISSN: 1524-468; 2011.
  282. Meyers PM, Schumacher C, Connolly ES, Heyer EJ, Gray WA, Higashida RT: Current status of endovascular stroke treatment. Circulation: 123;2591-2601. 2011.
  283. Cooke D, Tatum J, Farid H, Dowd C, Higashida RT, Halbach VV.  Transvenous embolization of a pediatric pial arteriovenous fistula.  Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery.  2012;4:314.  (2011)July 7, EPub ahead of print)
  284. Hetts SW, English JD, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Scanlon JT, Halbach VV.  Pediatric intracranial aneurysms:  New and enlarging aneurysms after index aneurysm treatment or observation.  American Journal of Neuroradiology.  2011.  December 32(11):2017-2022. EPUb 2011, November 11.
  285. Eesa M, Schumacher CH, Higashida RT, Meyers PM: Advances in revascularization for acute ischemic stroke treatment: An Update. Expert Review in Neurotherapeutics 11(8), 1125-1139. 2011.
  286. Chimowitz MI, Lynn MJ, Derdeyn CP, Turan TN, Fiorella D, et al for the SAMMPRIS Trial Investigators. Stenting versus Aggressie Medical Therapy for Intracranial Arterial Stenosis. (Higashida, RT, collaborator).  New England Journal of Medicine. (10.1056/NEJMoa110533455);  9/7/2011.  NEJM.org.
  287. Alexander MD, Hetts SW, Young WL, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, English JD: Supernova Hemorrhage: Obliterative hemorrhage of brain arteriovenous malformations following gamma knife radiosurgery. Journal of Neuro Interventional Surgery (2011). Doi:10.1136/neurint surg-2011-010098. September 15, 2011. JNIS 2012;4:364-367.
  288. Martin AJ, Hetts SW, Dillon WP, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Lawton MT, Saloner D.  MR imaging of partially thrombosed cerebral aneurysms:  Characteristics and evolution.  American Journal of Neuroradiology 2011.  February 32(2):246-351,  EPub 2010, November 18.
  289. Hetts SW, Moftakhar P, English JD, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Lawton MT, Douglas VC, Halbach VV.  Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas and intrathecal venous drainage: Correlation between digital subtraction angiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and clinical findings.  Journal of Neurosurgery.  Spine.  2012.  May:176(5):433-440.  EPub 2012.  February 10.
  290. Cooke D, Farid H, Kim W, Dowd C, Higashida RT, Halbach VV: Zygomatico-orbital intra- arterial melphalan infusion for intraocular retinoblastoma. Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery. Volume 4, Number 4; e-14; 2012.
  291. Connolly ES, Rabinstein AA, Carhuapoma JR, Derdeyn C, Dion J, Higashida RT, Hoh BL, Kirkness CJ, Naidech AM, Ogilvy CS, Patel AB, Thompson G, Vespa P: Guidelines for the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. A Statement for Healthcare Professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2012.
  292. Hetts SW, Keenan K, Fullerton HJ, Young WL, English JD, Gupta N, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Lawton MT, Halbach VV: Pediatric Intracranial Non-Galenic Pial Arteriovenous Fistulas: Clinical Features, Angioarchitectures, and Outcomes. American Journal of Neuroradiology.  10.3174/ajnr.A3194.  2012.
  293. Macdonald RL, Higashida RT, Keller E, Mayer SA, Molyneus A, Raabe A, Vajkocyz P, Wanke I, Bach D, Frey A, Nowbakht P, Roux S, Kassell N: Randomized trial of clazosentan in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage undergoing endovascular coiling. Stroke. 2012. Downloaded from http://stroke.ahajournals.org/ at CONS CALIFORNIA DIG LIB on March 12,(2012http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/early/2012/03/07/STROKEAHA.111.648980)
  294. Meyers PM, Blackham KA, Abruzzo TA, Gandhi CD, Higashida RT, Hirsch JA, Moran CJ, Narayanan S, Prestigiacomo CJ, Tarr R, On behalf of the Society for NeuroInterventional Surgery. Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery Standards of Practice: General Considerations. Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery. 4:11-15; 2012.
  295. Moftakhar P, English JD, Cooke DL, Kim WT, Stout C, Smith WS, Dowd CF, Higashida  RT, Halbach VV, Hetts SW:  Density of thrombus on admission CT predicts revascularization efficacy in large vessel occlusion in acute ischemic stroke.  Stroke;  2013; Jan;   44(1):243-245.
  296. Bendok BR, Rahme RJ, for the Complex Registry Group:  Complex shaped detachable platinum coil system for the treatment of cerebral aneurysms:  The Codman Trufill DCS and Trufill DCS Orbit Detachable Coil System COMPLEX Registry final results.  Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery.   2013:5:54-61.   doi:10.1136/neurintsurg-2011010118.
  297. Cooke DL, Meisel K, Kim WT, Stout CE, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Higashida RT: Serial angiographic appearance of segmental arterial mediolysis manifesting as vertebral, internal mammary, and intra-abdominal visceral artery aneurysms in a patient presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage and review of the literature. Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery.  2013;5:478-482.
  298. Sacco RL, Kasner SE, Broderick J, Caplan LR, Connors JJ, Culebras A, Dunn BH, Elkind MSV, George MG, Hamdan AD, Higashida R, Hoh BL, Janis LS, Kase CS, Kleindorfer D, Lee MN, Leys D, Moseley ME, Norrving B, Peterson E, Turan TN, Valderrama AL, Vinters HV; on behalf of the American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on  Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention, Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease, and Council on Nutrition, Physicial Activity and Metabolism. American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Expert Concensus Document: An Updated Definition of Stroke for the 21st Century. A Statement for Healthcare Professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2013; 44: 2064-2089.  doi: 10.1161/ STR.9b913e318296aeca.
  299. Ovbiagele B, Goldstein LB, Higashida RT, Howard VJ, Johnston SC, Lackland DT, Lichtman J, Mohl S, Sacco RL, Saver JL: Forecasting the future of stroke in the United States: A Policy Statement from the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association. Stroke 2013.  Stroke. 2013;44:2361-2375; originally published online May 22, 2013;    On Line at:  http://stroke.ahajournals.org/content/44/8/2361
  300. Bendok BR, Rahme RJ, for the Complex Registry Group,  (Higashida, RT, collaborator): Complex shaped detachable platinum coil system for the treatment of cerebral aneurysms: The Codman Trufill DCS and Trufill DCS Orbit Detachmable Coil System COMPLEX Registry final results.  Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 2013; 5:54-61.
  301. Tatum J, Farid H, Cooke D, Fullerton H, Smith W, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd C: Mechanical embolectomy for treatment of large vessel acute ischemic stroke in children. Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery 5:128-134;  2013.
  302. 300.        Lackland DT, Elkind MSV, D'Agostino R, Dhamoon MS, Goff DC, Higashida RT, McClure LA, Mitchell PH, Sacco RL, Sila C, Smith SC, Tanne D, Tirschwell D, Touze E, Wechsler LR. On behalf of the American Heart Association Council on Stroke, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention, Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, Atherosclerotic Peripheral Vascular Disease Interdisciplinary Working Group, and Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes: Inclusion of Stroke in Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Instruments. A Statement for Healthcare Professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association.
  303. Higashida RT, Alberts M, Alexander D, Crocco T, Demaerschalk B, Derdeyn C, Goldstein L, Jauch E, Mayer SA, Meltzer N, Peterson E, Rosenwasser RH, Saver J, Schwamm L, Summers D, Wechsler L, Wood J: Stroke Systems of Care. A Statement for Healthcare Professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2013;44.
  304. Cooke DL, Su J Sun Z, Guo Y, Guo D, Saeed MM, Hetts SW, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Young WL, Halbach VV: Endovascular biopsy:  Evaluating the feasibility of harvesting endothelia cells using detachable coils.  Interventional Neuroradiology.  2013 Dec;19(4):399-408.  Epub 2013 Dec18. PMID: 24355142.
  305. Macdonald RL, Higashida RT, Keller E, Mayer SA, Molyneux A, Raabe A, Vajkoczy P, Wanke I, Bach D, Frey Al, Marr A, Roux S, Kassell N:  Randomised trial of clazosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage undergoing surgical clipping (CONSCIOUS-2).  Acta Neurochirurgica Suppl, Vol 115, 27- 31;  DOI 10.1007/978-3-7091-1192-5 7.   2013.
  306. Amans MR, Cooke DL, Vella M, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hetts S: Contrast staining on CT after DSA in ischemic stroke patients progresses to infarction and rarely hemorrhages.  Interventional Neuroradiology  2014:20(1): 106-115:  PMID:  24556308.
  307. Cooke DL, Stout CE, Kim WT, Yu JP, Gu A, Jewell NP, Hetts SW, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Halbach VV:   Cerebral arterial fenestrations and their significance.   Interventional Neuroradiology.  2014.    (10). Jun30:20(3): 271-274.  doi: 10.15274/NRJ-2014-10027. Epub 2014 Jun17, PMID:  24976087.
  308. Losey AD, Lillaney P, Martin A, Halbach VV, Cooke DL, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Saloner DA, Wilson MW, Saeed M, Hetts SW:  Safety of retained microcatheters:  An Evaluation of Radiofrequency Heating in Endovascular Microcatheters with Nitinol, Tungsten, and Polyetheretherketone Braiding at 1.5 T and 3T.  Journal of Neuro Interventional Surgery. 2013;00:1D6.  doi:10.1136/neurintsurg-2013-010746.    2014;6:314-319.
  309. Amans MR, Stout C, Fox C, Narvid J, Hetts SW, Cooke DL, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, McSwain H, Halbach VV:  Cerebral arteriopathy associated with Arg 179 His ACTA 2 mutation.  British Medical Journal.  2013. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-010997. JNeurointerventional Surgery. 2014 Nov; 6(9):e46.PMID: 24353327.
  310. Kansagra AP, Cooke DL, English JE, Sincic RM, Amans MR, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hetts SW.  Current trends in endovascular management of traumatic cerebrovascular injury.  Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery Epub 2013 Jan 15. PMID: 23322749;   2014; Jan ;6)1):47-50.doi:10.1136/neurintsurg-22012-010605.
  311. Alexander M, Hetts S, Meyers PM, Halbach VV, HIgashida RT, Dowd CF, Cooke D, English:  Symptom differences and Pre-treatment asymptomatic interval affect outcomes of stenting for intracranial atherosclerotic disease.  American Journal of Neuroradiology.   2014.  March 27. (Epub:  PMID:  24627452).
  312. Cooke DL, Stout CE, Kim WT, Hetts SW, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF, Gould RG: Radiation dose reduction in intra-arterial chemotherapy infusion for intraocular retinoblastoma. Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery. 2014. Dec;6(10):785-789. PMID: 24385553.
  313. Hetts SW, Cooke DL, Nelson J, Gupta N, Fullerton H, Amans MR, Narvid JA, Moftakhar P, McSwain H, Dowd CF, HIgashida RT, Halbach VV, Lawton MT, Kim H.  Influence of patient age on angioarchitecture of brain Arteriovenous Malformations.  American Journal of Neuroradiology.  AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2014 Mar 13. [Epub ahead of print]  PMID: 24627452.   Jul;35(7):1376-1380.
  314. Katzan I, Spertus J, Allen E, Bettger JP, Bravata DM, Bushnell C, Gaynor JW, Higashida R, Hinchey JA, Holloway R, Howard G, King RB, Krumholz H, Lutz BJ, Reeves MJ, Smith E, Yeh RW, on behalf of the American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research, Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia, and Council on Clinical Cardiology. "Risk Adjustment of Stroke Outcomes for Comparing Hospital Performance. A Statement for Healthcare Professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Council." Stroke 2014.
  315. Amans MR, Stout C, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Hetts SW, Cooke DL, Narvid J, Halbach VV: Resolution of pulsatile tinnitus after coil embolization of sigmoid sinus diverticulum. Austin Journal of Cerebrovascular Disease & Stroke.    Volume 1(1);id1010:1-3; 2014.
  316. Chow M, Cooke DL, Fullerton, Amans MR, Narvid J, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Hetts SW:   Radiological and clinical features of Vein of Galen malforamtions.  Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery.  2014.  (9): Apr 30.  doi:10.1136/neurintsurg-2013-011005 (Epub:  PMID:  2478953).
  317. Sun Z, Su H, Long B, Sinclair E, Hetts SW, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Cooke D:   Endothelial cell purification from endovascular biopsy sample by laser capture microdissection and fluorescence activated cell sorting.  Journal of Biotechnology .  2014. Oct 14:192PA:34-39.  (EPub ahead of print):  PMID: 25450638.
  318. Hetts S, Tsai T, Cooke D, Amans M, Narvid J, Dowd C, Higashida RT, Halbach V.  De novo, progressive multiple, and recurrent intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas: Characteristics and outcomes.  Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery.  2014 Jul:6 Suppl 1:A47.  doi:  10.1136/neurintsurg-2014-011343.88.  PMID:25064936.
  319. Alexander MD, Cooke DL, Nelson J, Guo D, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Lawton MT, Kim H, Hetts SW:  Association between venous angioarchitectural features of sporadic brain arteriovenous malformations and hemorrhage.  American Journal of Neuroradiology.  AJNR.  2015 Jan 29 (EPub ahead of print) PMID: 25634722.
  320. Meng L, Settecase F, Xiao J, Zhaoxia Y, Flexman AM, Higashida RT:  Initial clinical experience with near-infrared spectroscopy in assessing cerebral tissue oxygen saturation in cerebral vasospasm before and after intra-arterial verapamil injection.  Journal of clinical neuroscience.   2015.   http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocn.2015.10.020.
  321. Moftakhar P, Cooke DL, Fullerton HJ, Ko NU, Amans MR, Narvid JA, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Hetts SW:  Extent of collateralization predicting symptomatic cerebral vasospasm among pediatric patients:  Correlations among angiography, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, and clinical findings.  Journal of Neurosurgery:  Pediatrics.  2015. Mar;15(3):282-290.   PMID: 25555113.
  322. Amans M, Vella M, Cooke D, Narvid J, Dowd C, Settecase F, Halbach V, Higashida R, Hetts S:  Angiographic collateral score as an independent predictor of clinical outcome and contrast staining in acute large vessel ischemic stroke.  Austin Journal of Cerebrovascular Disease and Stroke.  Volume 2; Issue 2;  2015; 1036.  ISSN: 2381-9103.
  323. Meng LZ, Settecase F, Higashida RT, Gelb A:  Monitoring cerebral tissue oxygen saturation at frontal and parietal regions during carotid artery stenting.  Journal of Anesthesia.  November 2015.
  324. Narvid J, Amans MR, Hetts SW, Cooke DL, Dillon WP, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Halbach VV:  Spontaneous retroclival subdural hematoma:  A case series.  Journal of Neurosurgery.  2015.  August 7:1-4 (Epub ahead of print)  PMID: 26252463.
  325. Chow M, Cooke DL, Fullerton HJ, Amans MR, Narvid J, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Hetts SW:   Radiological and clinical features of Vein of Galen malformations.  Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery.  2015; Jun; 7(6):  443-448.  PMID:  24789593.
  326. Alexander M, Rebhun J, Hetts SW, Kim A, Nelson J, Kim H, Amans M, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Cooke DL:                Lesion location, stability, and pre-treatment management: Factors affecting outcomes of endovascular treatment for vertebrobasilar atherosclerosis. Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery.  2015.  March 20;  (EPUB ahead of print)  PMID: 25795438.
  327. Cooke D, Sun Z, Huang M, Hetts S, Bauer D, Stillson C, Saeed M, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF:  Endovascular Biopsy:  Technical feasibility of novel endothelial cell harvesting devices within a rabbit cerebral aneurysm model.    Interventional  Neuroradiology.  2015.  Feb;21(1):120-128.  PMID:  25934786.
  328. Settecase F, Hetts SW, Nicholson AD, Amans MR, Cooke DL, Dowd CF, Hiashida RT, Halbach VV.  Superselective intra-arterial ethanol sclerotherapy of feeding artery and nidal aneurysms in ruptured cerebral arteriovenous malformations.  American Journal of Neuroradiology, 2015.  November 12  (ePUB ahead of print).  PMID:  26564434.  2016 April 37(4):692-697; PMID: 26564434.
  329. Seymour Z, Sneed P, Gupta N, Lawton M, Young W, Molinaro A, Dowd CF, Halbach V, Higashida RT, McDermott M:    Volume-staged radiosurgery for large arteriovenous malformations:  An evolving paradigm.   Journal of Neurosurgery.   2016.  January 124(1): 163-174;  PMID: 26140495.
  330. Alexander, MD, Rebhun J, Hetts SW, Amans MR, Settecase F, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Cooke DL:    Lesion location, stability, and pre-treatment management: Factors affecting outcomes of endovascular treatment for vertebro-basilar atherosclerosis. Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery.  2016.  May 8(5):466-470.  PMID:  25795438.
  331. Narvid J, Amans MR, Cooke DL, Hetts SW, Dillon WP, Higashida RT, Dowd CR, Halbach VV:  Spontaneous retroclival hematoma.  Journal of Neurosurgery.  2016 March 124(3): 716-719.   PMID:  26252463.
  332. Hetts SW, Tsai T, Cooke DL, Amans MR, Settecase FS, Moftakhar P, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Lawton MT, Halbach VV.  De novo, progressive, multiple, and recurrent intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas:  Characteristics and outcomes.  American Journal of Neuroradiology 2015;  Oct; 36(10): 1912-1919.  PMID:  26206813.
  333. Settecase F, NIcholson A, Amans M, Higashida R, Halbach VV, Cooke D, Dowd CF, Hetts S:  Onyx embolization of an intraosseous pseudoaneurysm of the middle meningeal artery in a patient with meningiomatosis, McCune-Albright syndrome, and Gray Platelet  Syndrome.   Journal Of Neurosurgery:  Pediatrics.  2015. November 20.  (EPUB ahead of Print).  PMID:  26588455.  March; 17(3):324-329. PMID: 26588455.
  334. Causey MW, Amans M, Sukgu H, Higashida R, Conte M:  Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome is a rare cause of stroke following carotid endarterectomy. Journal of Vascular Surgery.  2016.  February 26.  PMID:  26924717.
  335. Smith EE, Saposnik G, Biessels JG, Doubal FN, Fornage M, Gorelick PB, Greenberg SM, Higashida RT, Kasner SE, Seshadri S, on behalf of the American Heart Association Stroke Council:  Scientific statement on diagnosis and management of silent cerebrovascular disease for prevention of stroke.  A Statement for Healthcare Professionals from the American Heart Association and the American Stroke Association. Stroke. 
  336. Alexander MD, Cooke KL, Meyers PM, Amans MR, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hetts SW:   Lesion stability characteristics outperform degree of stenosis in predicting outcomes following stenting for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerosis.  Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery.  2016.  January 8;(1): 9-23.   (EPub ahead of print)  PMID: 25416828.
  337. Hetts SW, Moftakhar P, Maluste N, Cooke D, Fullerton H, Amans M, Settecase F, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Halbach VV:  Pediatric intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas:  Age- Related Differences in clinical features, angioarchitecture, and treatment outcomes.  Journal of Neurosurgery:  Pediatrics.  November 18(5):602-610.  PMID:  27540826.  2016.
  338. Alexander M, Nicholson A, Darflinger R, Settecase F, Cooke D, Dowd C, Amans M, Higashida R, Hetts S, Halbach V:   Effects on vessel measurement accuracy and subsequent occlusion after calcium channel blocker infusion during treatment of cerebral aneurysms with the Pipeline embolization device.  Interventional Neuroradiology.  2016. October 26.  PMID:  27798327.
  339. Lum MA, Martin AJ, Alexander M, McCoy D, Cooke D, Prasheel L, Parham M, Amans M, Settecase F, Nicholson A, Dowd C, Halbach V, Higashida R, McDermott M, Saloner D, Andrew M, Hetts SW:  Intra-Arterial MR perfusion imaging of meningiomas:  Comparison to digital subtraction angiography and intra-venous MR perfusion imaging.  PLOS One. 11(11)e0163554.  PMID:  27802268.  PMC5089755.
  340. Sun Z, Lawson D, Sinclair E, Wang CY, Lai MD, Hetts S, Higashida RT, Dowd C, Halbach V, Werb Z, Su H, Cooke D:  Endovascular biopsy:  Strategy for analyzing gene expression profiles of individual endothelial cells obtained from human vessels.  Biotechnology  Reports.  2017.  Accepted for publication.
  341. Sheth SA, Potts MB, Sneed PK, Young WL, Gupta N, Fullerton HJ, Cooke DL, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Lawton MT, McDermott MW, Hetts SW:  Angiographic  features help predict outcome after gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery for the treament of pediatric arteriovenous malformations.  Submitted for publication.  2017.
  342. Meng L, Hall M, Settecase F, Higashida RT, Gelb A:   Watershed ischemic stroke and internal carotid artery stenting:  The physiology revealed by cerebral tissue oxygen saturation monitoring.  Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica.  2017.  Submitted for publication.
  343. Martin A, McDermott M, Saloner D, Higashida RT, Halbach VV, Dowd CF:  Perfusion characteristics of meningiomas as a function of arterial inputs:  Correlation of DSA with intravenous and intra-arterial MR perfusion.  Radiology.  Accepted for publication.  2017.
  344. Yen A, Jolivalt P, Nelson J, Kim H, Cooke D, Amans M, Halbach V, Dowd C, Lawton M, Higashida R, Banaga J, Hetts S:  Pial artery supply as an anatomic risk factor for ischemic stroke in the treatment of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas.  American Journal of Neuroradiology.  Accepted.  2017.
  345. Fukuda KA, Dowd CF, Halbach VV, Higashida RT, Hetts SW, Lawton MT, Obrist WL, Smith WS, Ko NU:  Cerebral blood flow changes after endovascular treatment of cerebral vasospasm.  Stroke 2017.  Submitted.
  346. Settecase F, McCoy DB, Darflinger R, Alexander M,  Cooke D, Dowd C, Hetts S, Higashida R, Halbach V, Amans M:  Improving mechanical thrombectomy time metrics in the angiography suite:  Stroke cart, parallel workflows, and conscious sedation. Interventional Neuroradiology.   10.24.2017.   DOI:   10.1177/1591019917742326. journals.sagepub.com/home/ine.
  347. Cooke D, Zhengda S, Hua S, Long B, Sinclair E, Hetts S, Higashida RT, Dowd CF, Halbach VV:    Endothelial cell high-enrichment from endovascular biopsy sample by laser capture microdissection and fluorescence activated cell sorting.    Journal of Biotechnology. Accepted.  2017.
  348. Amans M, Halbach VV, McSwain H, Narvid J, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Hetts S, Cooke D: Intra-arterial chemotherapy for bilateral retinoblastoma via left ophthalmic artery and right anterior deep temporal artery.   British Medical Journal.   2017.  Submitted.
  349. Stout C, Cooke D, Kim W, Cage T, McSwain H, Amans M, Hetts S, Fullerton H, Gupta N, Fox C, Lawton M, Halbach V, Higashida RT, Dowd C:   Vertebral artery cervical rotational injury initiated embolism to the posterior circulation (CRIMP) in children.  American Journal of Neuroradiology.  Submitted.   2017.
  350. Eskey CJ, Meyers PM, Ansari SA, DeMarco JK, Gray WA, Hess DC, Higashida RT, Jayaraman M, McDougall CG, Nguyen TN, Pandey DK, Pena C, Schumacher HC: Indications for the performance of intracranial endovascular neurointerventional procedures:  An updated scientific statement from the American Heart Association Stroke Council.  Circulation.  2017.  Accepted for Publication.
  351. Dailler F, Bruder N, Higashida RT, Roux S, Marr A, Hmissi A, Aldrich F, Mayer S: Clazosentan, an ET receptor antagonist (ERA), improves late outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with full neurological recovery after coiling procedures. Neurosurgery.  2017.  Submitted.
  352. Alexander MD, Meisel K, Halbach VV, Lau A, Settecase F, Darflinger R, Nicholson A, Dowd CF, Hetts SW, Cooke DL, Higashida RT, Amans MR:  Enlarged condylar veins as source of pulsatile tinnitus:    Angiographic features and confirmation with venous balloon test occlusion.  Neurographics.  In Press.  2017.
  353. Kondapavulur S, Cooke DL, Kao A, Settecase F, Alexander M, Darflinger R, Amans MR, Dowd CF, HIgashida RT, Damato B, Halbach VV, Hetts SW:  Characterizing intra-arterial chemotherapy delivery to the retina:  Using quantitative DSA analysis to study distribution of therapy in pediatric retinoblastoma patients and relate vascular variants with clinical outcomes.  Journal of Neurointerventional Surgery.  In press.  2017.
  354. Aldrich F, Mayer S, Higashida RT, Macdonald L, Bruder N:  Impact of diffuse thick subarachnoid hemorrhage on clinical course and outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.  Stroke.  2017.  In preparation.
  355. Bruder N, Macdonald L, Aldrich F, Mayer S, Higashida RT:  Diffuse thick subarachnoid hemorrhage as a modifier of the treatment effect of clazosentan after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.  Neurology.  2017.  In preparation.
  356. Alexander M, Hetts S, Amans M, Cooke D, Halbach VV, Dowd CF,  Higashida RT: Technical factors affecting outcomes following endovascular treatment of posterior circulation atherosclerotic lesions.  Surgical Neurology International.  2017.  Submitted.
  357. Hetts S, Cooke D, Amans M, Halbach VV, Dowd C, HIgashida RT: Estimation of intra- arterial chemotherapy distribution to the retina in pediatric retinoblastoma patients using quantitative digital subtraction angiography.  Radiology.  Submitted.  2017. 356.                Cooke D, Zhang J, McDoy D, Halbach V, Hetts S, Amans M, Dowd C, Higashida R,   lawson D, Nelson J, Chih-yang W, Kim H, Zena W, McCulloch C, Hashimoto, Hua S, Zhengda S:  Endovascular biopsy:  In vivo cerebral aneurysm endothelial cell sampling and gene expression analysis.  Translational Stroke Research.  Accepted for publication.  2017.
  358. Ammanuel S, Alexander M, Damato B, Cooke D, Halbach V, Amans M, Dowd CF, Higashida RT, Hetts S:  Improved procedural safety following protocol changes for selective ophthalmic arterial infusion of chemotherapy for treatment of ocular retinoblastoma.  Interventional Neuroradiology.  Submitted.  2018.
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