Education

• B.S. Long Island University, 1970
• M.S. University of Massachussetts, 1972
• Ph.D. New York University, 1976

Biography

Interests in petrochemical and agrochemical industries/ manufacturing/general industrial/environmental/workplace covering a wide range of classes of chemicals including pesticides, solvents, heavy metals, irritants, particulates, carcinogens, pharmaceuticals, illicit substances. Research currently centers on respiratory irritants and the expression of biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress from exposures to chemical agents.

Research Interest

• Clinical Toxicology
• Occupational and Environmental Toxicology

Scientific Activities:

• Society of Toxicology
• International Society on Toxinology
• American Academy of Clinical Toxicology
• American Chemical Society
• New York Academy of Sciences
• Board Certified Forensic Examiner (American Board of Forensic Examiners 1996- present)
• Who's Who in Science and Engineering, 1994-1995 (2nd edition), 2000-2002 (5th Edition)
• Diplomat American Board of Forensic Examiners (1998-present)
• Fellow American Board of Forensic Examiners (2001-present)
• Sigma Xi
• Delta Omega
• Florida Thoracic Society

Publications

Books

1. Principles and Practice of Toxicology in Public Health. (2008). Jones and Bartlett Publisher, Sudbury Massachusetts.
2. Principles and Practice of Toxicology in Public Health. (Second Edition in Press). Jones and Bartlett Publisher, Sudbury Massachusetts.

Manuscripts

1. Marie M. Bourgeois and Ira S. Richards. 2013. Expression of Myoglobin in the Urine of Cocaine Users. International Journal of Clinical Medicine 4, 217-221.
2. Bourgeois, M., and Richards, I.S. 2010. Gender Specific Differences in the Urinary Expression of Myeloperoxidase, Interleukin 1α and Interleukin 1β. Biomarkers in Medicine 4, 843-847.
3. Richards, I.S., and Bourgeois, M. 2010. Red tide toxin produces in vitro depolarization of human airway smooth muscle. Clinical Toxicology 48, No. 2, 121-123.
4. Elfeel, K., Shenefelt, P., Farghaly, H., Richards, I.S. 2008. A Correlation of Allergic Contact Dermatitis with Allergen Type and Patient Categorical Variables. Cutaneous and OcularToxicology, 27:1-22.
5. Richards I.S., DeHate R.B. 2006. Formalin Produces Depolarizations in Human Airway Smooth Muscle in vitro. Toxicology and Industrial Health. 22, 59-63.
6. Sutton, E.T., Norman, J., Rao, P.S., Graham, L.B., and Richards, I.S. 2000. Pulmonary endothelial and epithelial integrity and neutrophil infiltration following endotoxin in interleukin-1 receptor knockout mice. Shock 13, 117-125.
7. Brooks, S.M., Fox, R., Lockey, R., Hammad, Y., Richards, I.S., Giovinco-Barbas and Jenkins, K. 1998. The spectrum of irritant-induced asthma: Sudden and not-so-sudden onset and the role of allergy. Chest 113, 42-49.
8. Richards, I.S. 1997. Ethanol potentiates the depressant effect of cocaine in human fetal myocardium in vitro. Journal of Toxicology-Clinical Toxicology 35, 365-371.
9. Sutton, E. Truitt, Norman, J.G., Newton, A., Hellerman, G.R.and Richards, I.S. 1997. Endothelial structural integrity is maintained during endotoxic shock in a transgenic mouse model with type I IL-1 receptor "knockout". Shock 7 (2) 105-110.
10. Dietrich, C., Richards, I.S., Bernard, T., and Y. Hammad. 1996. Human stress protein response to formaldehyde exposure. Exp. Toxic Pathol. 48, 518.
11. Leikauf, G.D., Swiecicowski, A.L., Rosbolt, J.P., and Richards, I.S.1993. Aldehyde-Induced airway hyperreactivity. Proc. Hung. Biochem. Soc. 3, 235- 240.
12. Kulkarni, A.P., Cai, Y., and Richards, I.S. 1992. Rat pulmonary lipoxygenase: dioxygenase activity and role in xenobiotic metabolism. International Journal of Biochemistry 24, 255- 261.
13. Mitra, A., Richards, I.S., Kitchin, K., Conolly, R., and Kulkarni, A.P. 1992. Mirex induces ornithine decarboxylase activity in female rat liver. Journal of Biochemical Toxicology 5, 1- 6.
14. Mitra, A., Richards, I.S., and Kulkarni, A.P. 1992. Dose, time and route dependency of the induction of rat hepatic ornithine decarboxylase by 12-Otetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate. Drug and Chemical Toxicology. 15, 67-79.
15. Kulkarni, A.P., Edwards, J.H., and Richards, I.S. 1992. Metabolism of 1,2- dibromoethane in the human fetal liver. General Pharmacology 23, 1-5.
16. Nanasi, P.P., Knilans, T.K., Richards, I.S., Varro, A., and Lathrop, D.A. 1992. Biphasic effect of tetraethylammonium on canine purkinje action potential configuration. General Pharmacology 23, 733-738.
17. Richards, I.S., Kulkarni, A., and Brooks, S.M. 1991. Human fetal tracheal smooth muscle produces spontaneous electromechanical oscillations that are Ca2+-dependent and cholinergically-potentiated. Developmental Pharmacology and Therapeutics 16, 22-28.
18. Richards, I.S., Kulkarni, and Bremner, W.F. 1990. Cocaine induced arrhythmias in human fetal myocardium in vitro: Potential mechanism for fetal death in utero. Pharmacology and Toxicology 66, 150-154.
19. Richards, I.S., Kulkarni, A., Brooks, S., and Pierce, R. 1990. Florida red-tide toxin (brevetoxins) produce depolarization of airway smooth muscle. Toxicon 28, 1105-1111.
20. Richards, I.S., Miller, L., Solomon, D., Kulkarni, A., Brooks, S., and Sperelakis,N. 1990. Azelastine inhibits acetylcholine-induced contraction and depolarization in human airway smooth muscle. European Journal of Pharmacology 186, 331-334.
21. Kulkarni, A.P., Mitra, A., Chaudhuri, J., Byczkowski, J.Z. and Richards, I.S. 1990. Hydrogen peroxide: A potent activator of dioxygenase activity of soybean lipoxygenase. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 166, 417-423.
22. Kulkarni, A.P., Chaudhuri, J., Mitra, A., and Richards, I.S. 1989. Dioxygenase and peroxidase activities of soybean lipoxygenase: Synergistic interaction between linoleic acid and hydrogen peroxide. Research Communications in Chemical Pathology and Pharmacology 66, 287-295.
23. Richards, I.S., Kulkarni, A., and Brooks, S.M. 1989. Ethanol-induced bronchodilatation in TEA-treated canine tracheal smooth muscle is mediated by a β-adrenoceptor-dependent mechanism. European Journal of Pharmacology 167, 155-160.
24. Richards, I.S., Kulkarni, A., Brooks, S.M., Lathrop, D.A., Bremner, W.F., and Sperelakis, 1989. A moderate concentration of ethanol alters cellular membrane potentials and decreases contractile force of human fetal heart. Developmental Pharmacology and Therapeutics 13, 51-56.
25. Richards, I.S. , Ousterhout, J., Sperelakis, N., and Murlas, C. 1987. Cyclic AMP suppresses Ca2+-dependent electrical activity of airway smooth muscle induced by TEA. Journal of Applied Physiology 62, 175-179.
26. Richards, I.S. , Ousterhout, J.M., and Sperelakis, N., Murlas, C 1986. 8- Bromocyclic GMP abolishes TEA-induced slow action potentials in canine trachealis muscle. European Journal of Pharmacology 128, 299-312.
27. Richards, I.S., Lubell, I., and Davis, J.E. 1980. The endocrinologic effects of vasectomy. Urology 18, 1-6.
28. Richards, I.S. 1974. Caudal neurosecretory system: possible role in pheromone production. Journal of Experimental Zoology 187, 405.

Chapters and Reviews

1. Richards, I.S., and Bourgeois, M. 2009. The Toxicologist As An Expert Witness. In General and Applied Toxicology. Bryan Ballantyne, Timothy C. Marrs and Tore Syversen (Eds.) 3rd edition. London, England: Wiley. p. 2511-2526.
2. Richards, I.S., and Brooks, S.M. 1995. Respiratory Toxicology. Chapter 14, 166-180. In: Environmental Medicine: Concepts and Practice. S.M. Brooks, Ed. Mosby and Company.
3. Fernandez-Caldas, E., Fox, R.W., Richards, I.S., Varney, T.C., and Brooks, S.M. 1995. Indoor Air Pollution. Chapter 37, 419-437. In: Environmental Medicine: Concepts and Practice. S.M. Brooks, Ed. Mosby and Company.
4. Richards, I.S. 1991. Health effects of illicit cocaine use. Pulmonary and Critical Care Update. American College of Chest Physicians 7(2), 1-7.
5. Richards, I.S. 1981. Menstrual function following tubal sterilization. AVS Biomedical Bulletin 2, 1.
6. Richards, I.S. 1981. Reversal of female sterilization. AVS Biomedical Bulletin 2, 1.
7. Richards, I.S. 1981. Reversal of vasectomy. AVS Biomedical Bulletin 2, 1.
8. Richards, I.S., Lubell, I., and Davis, J.E. 1980. The endocrinologic effects of vasectomy. Urology 18, 1-6.
9. Richards, I.S. 1980. Immunologic aspects of vasectomy and atherosclerosis. AVS Biomedical Bulletin 1, 1.

Abstracts

1. Bourgeois, M., and Richards, I.S. 2010. Cytokines of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in the Urine of Cocaine Users. The Toxicologist . Volume 114 (1) 1310.
2. Bourgeois, M., and Richards, I.S. 2010. Gender Specific Differences in the Expression of Urinary Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. The ToxicologistVolume 114 (1) 578.
3. Bourgeois, M., and Richards, I.S. 2009. Cardiac Biomarker Expression in the Urine of Cocaine Users. The Toxicologist 108 (1) 150.
4. Richards, I.S., and Bourgeois, M. 2008. Red Tide Toxin Produces Depolarizations of Human Airway Smooth Muscle. The Toxicologist 102 (1) 230.
5. Sutton, E.T., J.M. Price, I.S. Richards, I. Perkins, P.S. Rao. 2004. Serum and lavage cytokine levels during septic shock depend on the mode of endotoxin (ENDT) administration. FASEB J. 17:A1242.
6. Moulvi, F.I. and Richards, I.S. 1998. Effects of eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus) venom on electromechanical aspects of isolated perfused rat heart. The Toxicologist 42, 286.
7. Sutton, E.T., Norman, J.G., Rao, P.S., Graham, L., Newton, C.A., and Richards, I.S. 1998. Pulmonary endothelium and epithelium are maintained and reduced neutrophil infiltration is found post-endotoxin in Type 1 interleukin-1 receptor knockout mice.FASEB J. 12: A992.
8. Sutton, E.T., Price, J.M., Richards, I.S., Graham, L.B. and Rao, P.S. 1997. Serum nitric oxide (NO) levels during septic shock depends on the mode of endotoxin (ENDT) administration. FASEB J. 11: A80.
9. Richards, I.S. 1996. Ethanol potentiates the depressant effects of cocaine in human fetal myocardium in vitro. The Toxicologist 30, 336.
10. Sutton, E.T., Norman, J.G., Glaccum, M., and Richards, I.S. 1996. Endothelial structural integrity is maintained during endotoxic shock in a Type-1 interleukin-1 receptor knockout mouse. The Toxicologist 30, 336.
11. Richards, I.S., and Leikauf, G. 1995. Formalin induces spontaneous oscillations of membrane potential in human airway smooth muscle to Substance P. The Toxicologist 15 (1), 96.
12. Sutton, E.T., Norman, J.G., Baker, C.H., and Richards, I.S. 1995. Structural integrity of tracheal epithelial cells in septic shock and ARDS can be maintained by blockade of the interleukin-1 receptor. The Toxicologist 15 (1), 97.
13. Richards, I.S., Baker, N., and Leikauf, G. 1994. Formalin-induced human airway smooth muscle contractions are electrically coupled to membrane depolarizations. The Toxicologist, 14 (1), 253.
14. Sutton, E.T., Baker, C.H., and Richards, I.S. 1994. Structural damage to epithelial cells in septic shock and ARDS can be caused by interaction of neutrophils and endotoxin. The Toxicologist. 14 (1), 81.
15. Rosbolt, J., and Richards, I.S. 1993. Formalin produces alterations in human smooth muscle contractility. The Toxicologist 13, 261.
16. Richards, I.S. 1991. Sodium metabisulfite produces depolarizations and contractions in human airways smooth muscle via a histaminergicallymediated mechanism. American Review of Respiratory Disease. 143 (4) A 755.
17. Nanasi, P.P., Knilans, T.K., Varro, A., Richards, I.S., and Lathrop, D.A. 1990. Biphasic effect of tetraethylammonium on canine purkinje fiber action potential configuration. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 22, 53.
18. Richards, I.S., Kulkarni, A.P., and Pierce, R. 1990. Florida-Red Tide toxinsinduce airway smooth muscle depolarization. The Toxicologist 10, 175.
19. Richards, I.S. 1989. Ethanol alters membrane potentials of airway smooth muscle and suppresses tetraethylammonium-induced bronchospasm. American Review of Respiratory Disease 139, 613.
20. Richards, I.S., and Kulkarni, A.P. 1989. Cocaine-induced alterations of electromechanical activity in human fetal heart in vitro. The Toxicologist 9, 147.
21. Richards, I.S. 1989. Cholinergic potentiation of spontaneous electromechanical activity in human fetal airway smooth muscle. The Physiologist 32, 181.
22. Richards, I.S., and Murlas, C. 1986. Electrogenesis and c-AMP regulation of tetraethylammonium (TEA)-induced action potentials in airway smooth muscle. Federation Proceedings 45, 511.
23. Richards, I.S., Otto, D.G., and Pine, M.B. 1985. Volume regulation of cultured ventricular cardiomyocytes in high potassium medium. Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology 16, 30
24. Richards, I.S., Otto, D.G., and Pine, M.B. 1984. Resistance of swelling of cardiomyocytes in cell culture. Clinical Research 32, 200.
25. Milligan T., and Richards, I.S. 1976. Sigmoid spinal flexure with regenerative changes in the caudal neurosecretory system: an ultrastructural study. The Anatomical Record 184, 482.