Brian Wigdahl, PhD
Brian Wigdahl, PhD
Professor and Chair

Department of Microbiology and Immunology
Drexel University
USA

Education

1974

BA degree with Honors, Biology (major), Chemistry (minor), Augsburg College, Minneapolis, Minnesota

1980

Ph.D, Microbiology (major field), Biochemistry (minor field), Pharmacology (minor field) The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin

 

Biography

Dr. Brian Wigdahl, Ph.D., is professor and chair of Microbiology and Immunology, director of the Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, and director of the institute’s Center for Molecular Virology and Translational Neuroscience at the Drexel University College of Medicine. An internationally recognized molecular virologist, Dr. Wigdahl focuses his immediate research on the molecular mechanisms, treatment, and prevention of immunologic abnormalities, cancer, and progressive neurologic disorders caused by members of the retrovirus and herpes virus families. He has a total of more than 180 published or in press peer-reviewed publications.  Dr. Wigdahl has been funded by the National Institutes of Health and other agencies, foundations, commercial sources for over 35 years, with awards totaling more than $40 million. A senior associate editor of the Journal of NeuroVirology, Dr. Wigdahl also served for six years as president of the International Society for NeuroVirology, and currently serves as treasurer of the Society.  During his time at Penn State, Dr. Wigdahl was awarded the Samuel Hinkle Society Outstanding Young Investigator award and more recently at Drexel University College of Medicine, the Julian Marsh, MD, Faculty Scholar Award for excellence in scientific research, outstanding teaching skills, and consistent high quality leadership.  Dr. Wigdahl is the 2013 recipient of the International Society for NeuroVirology Pioneer in Neurovirology Award presented in recognition of outstanding individual achievement in the field of neurovirology and the 2016 recipient of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology Wybran Award presented in recognition of the very best scientific contributions that have resulted in the preservation and expansion of the field of Neuroimmune Pharmacology.

Research Interest

  • Immunopathogenesis and neuropathogenesis of HIV-1 and HTLV-I infection
  • Transcriptional regulation of retroviral expression
  • Viral sequence diversity and correlations to disease
  • Development of microbicidal agents

Professional Activities:

Professional Experience

1975-1980 Laboratory Assistant, Medical Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
1982-1988 Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
1982-1987 Associate Member, Cancer Research Center, Viral Oncology Division, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
1982-1991 Associate Member, The Graduate Faculty, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
1986-1999 Member, Neuroscience Graduate Program Advisory Committee, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
1987-2003 Member, Cellular and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
1987-2003 Member, Neuroscience Program, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
1988-1992 Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
1989-1992 Associate Professor with Tenure, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
1991-2003 Member, The Graduate Faculty, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
1992-2003 Professor with Tenure, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
1993-1996 Chairman, Graduate Program Committee, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
1996-1999 Director, Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
1996-2000 Director, Penn State Life Sciences Consortium Integrative Biosciences Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
2000-2003 Member, Viral Carcinogenesis Program, Penn State Cancer Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania
2003-2004 Member and Vice Chair, Board of Trustees, Drexel Research Foundation, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2003-2004 Member, Executive Committee, Drexel Research Foundation, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2003 Professor and Chair, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2003 Director, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2003 Director, Center for Molecular Virology and Translational Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2003 Member, The Graduate Faculty, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2003 Member, Microbiology and Immunology Graduate Program, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2003 Member, Molecular and Cellular Biology and Genetics Graduate Program, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2003 Member, Neuroscience Graduate Program, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2006 Ad hoc member, Research Committee, Drexel University College of Medicine
2009 Executive Director and Member, Molecular Medicine Ph.D. Graduate Program, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2009 Executive Director Member, M.S. Degree Program in Molecular Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2009 Member, Molecular Medicine Ph.D. Graduate Program, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2013 Executive Director and Member, M.S. Degree Program in Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2013 Executive Director and Member, M.S. Degree Program in Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2014 Executive Director and Member, M.S. Degree Program in Biomedicine and Business, College of Medicine and Bennet S. LeBow College of Business, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2014 Executive Director and Member, M.S. Degree Program in Biomedicine and Law, College of Medicine and Thomas R. Kline School of Law, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2014 Executive Director and Member, M.S. Degree Program in Biomedicine and Entrepreneurship, College of Medicine and Charles D. Close School of Entrepreneurship, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2014 Executive Director and Member, M.S. Degree Program in Biomedicine and Digital Design, College of Medicine and College of Media Arts and Design, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Honors and Awards:

  • l974- Biology Honor Student, Augsburg College, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
  • 1975-1979-Teaching and Research Assistantship, Department of Microbiology, the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
  • L975-1979-Tuition Scholarship, Department of Microbiology, the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
  • 1989-Outstanding Young Investigator, Samuel Hinkle Society Lectureship, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
  • 1991-1992-Distinguished Course Coordinator, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
  • 2004-International Society for NeuroVirology Distinguished Service Award presented by the ISNV Board of Directors in recognition for outstanding service and significant contributions to the Society as founding president, presented at the 6th International Symposium on NeuroVirology, Sardinia, Italy, September10-14.
  • 2006-International Society for NeuroVirology President’s Symposium Award, 7th International Symposium on NeuroVirology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 30-June 2, 2006.
  • 2009-Julian Marsh, M.D. Faculty Scholar Award for Excellence in Scientific Research, Outstanding Teaching Skills, and Consistent High Quality Leadership, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, June 5, 2009.
  • 2013-Pioneer in Neurovirology Award presented in recognition of outstanding individual achievement in the field of neurovirology.  12th International Symposium on NeuroVirology, Washington, DC, USA, October 29-November 2, 2013.
  • 2016-The Wybran Award presented in recognition of the very best scientific contributions that have resulted in the preservation and expansion of the field of Neuroimmune Pharmacology.  22nd Annual Conference of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology, Krakow, Poland, April 6-9, 2016.

 

Publications

  1. Clough, D. W., Wigdahl, B., and J. R. Parkhurst.  Biological effects of 5-carboxy-2'-deoxyuridine: Hydrolysis product of 5-trifluoromethyl-2'-deoxyuridine.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 14: 126-131, 1978.
  2. Wigdahl, B. and J. R. Parkhurst.  Hep-2 cell and herpes simplex virus type 1-induced deoxythymidine kinases: Inhibition by derivatives of 5-trifluoromethyl-2'-deoxyuridine.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 14: 470-475, 1978.
  3. Wigdahl, B. and J. R. Parkhurst.  Inhibition of mouse L cell replication by 5-trifluoromethyl-2'-deoxyuridine: Role of cytosolic deoxythymidine kinase.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 19: 881-890, 1981.
  4. Wigdahl, B., Isom, H.C., and F. Rapp.  Repression and activation of the genome of herpes simplex viruses in human cells.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 78: 6522-6526, 1981.
  5. Wigdahl, B., Isom H. C., De Clercq, E., and F. Rapp.  Activation of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 genome by temperature-sensitive mutants of HSV type 2.  Virology, 116: 468-479, 1982.
  6. Wigdahl, B., Scheck, A. C., De Clercq, E., and F. Rapp.  High efficiency latency and activation of herpes simplex virus in human cells.  Science, 217: 1145-1146, 1982.
  7. Wigdahl, B., Ziegler, R. J., Sneve, M., and F. Rapp.  Herpes simplex virus latency and reactivation in isolated rat sensory neurons.  Virology, 127: 159-167, 1983.
  8. Bucher, L. J., Wigdahl, B., and F. Rapp.  Maintenance of human cytomegalovirus genome in human diploid fibroblast cells.  Virology, 130: 269-271, 1983.
  9. Smith, C. A., Wigdahl, B., and F. Rapp.  Synergistic antiviral activity of acyclovir and interferon on human cytomegalovirus.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 24: 325-332, 1983.
  10. Wigdahl, B., Scheck, A. C., Ziegler, R. J., De Clercq, E., and F. Rapp.  Analysis of the herpes simplex virus genome during invitro latency in human diploid fibroblasts and rat sensory neurons.  Journal of Virology, 49: 205-213, 1984.
  11. Isom, H. C., Gao, M., and B. Wigdahl.  Characterization of guinea pig cytomegalovirus DNA.  Journal of Virology, 49: 426-436, 1984.
  12. Hung, T., Mummaw, J.G. Wigdahl, B., Fang, Z.Y., Hauying, J., and F. Rapp.  Ultrastructural changes during herpes simplex virus type 2 latency and reactivation invitro.  Intervirology, 21: 5-16, 1984.
  13. Rapp, F. and B. Wigdahl.  Herpesvirus target consideration for the design of antiviral agents.  In Targets for the design of Antiviral Agents, (ed. E. De Clercq and R.T. Walker), Plenum Press, New York, NY, pp. 29-60, 1984.
  14. Wigdahl, B., Smith, C. A., Traglia, H. M., and F. Rapp.  Herpes simplex virus latency in isolated human neurons.  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 81: 6217-6221, 1984.
  15. Wigdahl, B., Scheck, A. C., Smith, C. A., De Clercq, E., and F. Rapp.  Herpes simplex virus latency and reactivation:  Design and analysis of invitro constructs.  In Herpesvirus, (ed. F. Rapp), Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York, 21: 121-144, 1984.
  16. Bucher, L. J., Wigdahl, B., and F. Rapp.  Human cytomegalovirus latency.  In Herpesvirus, (ed. F. Rapp), Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York, NY, 21: 227-238, 1984.
  17. Scheck, A. C., Wigdahl, B., De Clercq, E., and F. Rapp.  Prolonged herpes simplex virus latency invitro after treatment of infected cells with acyclovir and human leukocyte interferon.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 29: 589-593, 1986.
  18. Wigdahl, B., Rong, B. L., and E. Kinney-Thomas.  Varicella-zoster virus infection of human sensory neurons.  Virology, 152: 384-399, 1986.
  19. Wigdahl, B., Guyton, R. A., and P. S. Sarin.  Human immunodeficiency virus infection of the developing human nervous system.  Virology, 159: 440-445, 1987.
  20. Scheck, A. C., Wigdahl, B., and F. Rapp.  Activation of latent herpes simplex virus type 2 infection invitro requires a (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine-sensitive gene function.  Intervirology, 27: 121-129, 1987.
  21. Wigdahl, B., Kunsch, C. A., and R. A. Guyton.  Molecular neuropathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus infection.  In Retroviruses of human A.I.D.S. and related animal diseases.  (Ed. M. Girard and L. Valette), Pasteur vaccins, Marnes-La-Coquett/Paris, France,  pp. 17-26, 1988.
  22. Harouse, J. M., Kunsch, C. A., Hartle, H. T., Laughlin, M. A., Hoxie, J. A., Wigdahl, B., and F. Gonzalez-Scarano.  CD4-independent infection of human neural cells by human immunodeficiency virus type 1.  Journal of Virology, 63: 2527-2533, 1989.
  23. Scheck, A. C., Wigdahl, B., and F. Rapp.  Transcriptional activity of the herpes simplex virus genome during establishment, maintenance, and reactivation of invitro virus latency.  Intervirology, 30(3): 121-136, 1989.
  24. Wigdahl, B. and C. A. Kunsch.  Role of HIV in human nervous system dysfunction.  AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses, 5(4): 369-374, 1989.
  25. Kunsch, C. A. and B. Wigdahl.  Transient expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome results in a nonproductive infection in human fetal dorsal root ganglia glial cells.  Virology, 173: 715-722, 1989.
  26. Kunsch, C. A., Hartle, H. T., and B. Wigdahl.  Infection of human fetal dorsal root ganglion glial cells with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 involves an entry mechanism independent of the CD4 T4A epitope.  Journal of Virology, 63: 5054-5061, 1989.
  27. Kunsch, C. and B. Wigdahl.  Analysis of nonproductive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of human fetal dorsal root ganglia glial cells.  Intervirology, 31: 147-158, 1990.
  28. Wigdahl, B. and C. Kunsch.  Human immunodeficiency virus infection and neurologic dysfunction.  Progress in Medical Virology, 37:  1-46, 1990.
  29. Boyer-Kollas, B., Hartle, H. T., and B. Wigdahl.  Analysis of major histocompatibility complex gene products in tissues isolated from the developing human nervous system.  Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, 5: 124-137, 1990.
  30. Kunsch, C. and B. Wigdahl.  Maintenance of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proviral DNA in human fetal dorsal root ganglia neural cells following a nonproductive infection.  Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 49: 505-510, 1991.
  31. Tillmann, M. and B. Wigdahl.  Neuropathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus infection.  Seminars in the Neurosciences (SIN), 3: 131-139, 1991.
  32. Kunsch, C. and B. Wigdahl.  Neuropathogenic parameters of human immunodeficiency virus infection.  AIDS Research Reviews, 1: 165-188, 1991.
  33. Weber, P. C. andB. Wigdahl.  Identification of dominant negative mutants of the HSV-1 immediate-early protein ICP0.  Journal of Virology, 66: 2261-2267, 1992.
  34. Gonzalez-Scarano, F., Harouse, J. M., Kenny, J. J., Kunsch, C., Spitalnik, S. L., and B. Wigdahl.  Human immunodeficiency virus infection of neural cells.  Seminars in Virology, 3: 225-234, 1992.
  35. Weber, P. C., Kenny, J. J., and B. Wigdahl.  Antiviral properties of a dominant negative mutant of the herepes simplex virus type 1 regulatory protein ICP0.  Journal of General Virology, 73: 2955-2961, 1992.
  36. Boyer-Kollas, B., Hartle, H. T., and B. Wigdahl.Effect of -interferon on expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and II gene products in neural cells isolated from the developing human peripheral nervous system.  Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy, 7:  62-74, 1992.
  37. Kenny J. J., Krebs, F. C., Hartle, H.T., Gartner, A.E., Chatton, B., Leiden J. M., Hoeffler J.P., Weber, P.C., and B. Wigdahl.  Identification of a second ATF/CREB-like element in the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV‑1) latency-associated transcript promoter.  Virology, 200: 220-235, 1994.
  38. Tillmann, M. and B. Wigdahl.  Identification of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) 21 bp repeat-specific DNA-protein complexes.  Leukemia, 8: 83-87, 1994.
  39. Tillmann, M., Wessner, R., and B. Wigdahl.  Identification of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) 21 bp repeat-specific and glial cell type-specific DNA-protein complexes.  Journal of Virology, 68: 4597-4608, 1994.
  40. Tillmann, M., Krebs, F., Wessner, R., Pomeroy, S. M., Goodenow, M. M., and B. Wigdahl.  Neuroglial specific factors and the regulation of retrovirus transcription.  Advances in Neuroimmunology, 4: 305-318, 1994.
  41. Wessner, R., Tillmann-Bogush, M., and B. Wigdahl.  Characterization of a glial cell-specific DNA-protein complex formed with the human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) enhancer.  Journal of NeuroVirology, 1: 62-77, 1995.
  42. Isom, H. C., Wigdahl B., and M. K. Howett.Molecular pathology of human oncogenic viruses. In Cellular and Molecular Pathogenesis (Ed. A. E. Sirica), Raven Press, Chapter 14, pp. 341-387, 1996.
  43. Jennings-Wilber, B. A., J. Docherty, J. J., Karban, T. L., Pollock, J. J., Kenny, J. J., and B. Wigdahl.  Inactivation of herpes simplex virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 with a unique combination of chemicals.  Recent Research Developments in Antimicrobials & Chemotherapy, 1: 157-172, 1996.
  44. Wigdahl, B. and J. N. Brady.  Molecular aspects of HTLV-I: Relationship to Neurological Diseases.  Journal of NeuroVirology, 2: 307-322, 1996.
  45. Krebs, F. C. and B. Wigdahl.  Retrovirus infection of the central nervous system.  Scientific Foundations of Neurology, 2nd Ed., (Guthkelch and Misulis, eds.), Chapter 4, 68-87, 1996.
  46. Kenny, J. J., Millhouse, S., Wotring, M., and B. Wigdahl.  Upstream stimulatory factor (USF) transcription factor family binds to the herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcript promoter.  Virology, 230: 381-391, 1997.
  47. Krebs, F. C., Goodenow, M. G., and B. Wigdahl.  Neuroglial ATF/CREB factors interact with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat.  Journal of NeuroVirology, 3 (Suppl. 1): S28-S32, 1997.
  48. Wessner, R., Yao, J., and B. Wigdahl.  Sp family members preferentially interact with the promoter proximal repeat within the HTLV‑I enhancer.  Leukemia, 11 (suppl. 3):  10-13, 1997.
  49. Wessner, R. and B. Wigdahl.  AP‑1 derived from mature monocytes and astrocytes preferentially interacts with the HTLV‑I promoter central 21 bp repeat.  Leukemia, 11 (suppl. 3):  10-13, 1997.
  50. Krebs, F. C., Mehrens, D., Pomeroy, S., Goodenow, M. M., and B. Wigdahl.  Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat quasispecies differ in basal transcription and nuclear factor recruitment in human glial cells and lymphocytes.  Journal of Biomedical Science, 5: 31-44, 1998.
  51. Millhouse, S., Krebs, F. C., Conner, J., Ross, H., Yao, J., McAllister, J. J., and B. Wigdahl.  Sp1 and related factors fail to interact with the NF‑B-proximal G/C box in the LTR of a replication competent, brain-derived strain of HIV‑1 (YU‑2).  Journal of NeuroVirology, 4: 312-323, 1998.
  52. Malamud, D., Howett, M. K., Wigdahl, B., Christensen, N. D., Krebs, F. C., Weisz, J., and J. W. Kreider.  Anti-viral activity of microbicides in model systems.  In Proceedings of the 12th World AIDS Conference, Epidemiology and Prevention, Monduzzi Editore, International Proceedings Division, Geneva, Switzerland, pp. 223-227, 1998.
  53. Millhouse, S., Kenny, J. J., Quinn, P. G., Lee, V., and B. Wigdahl.  ATF/CREB elements in the herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated transcript promoter interact with members of the ATF/CREB and AP1 transcription factor families. Journal of Biomedical Science, 5: 451-464, 1998.
  54. Howett, M. K., Neely, E. B., Christensen, N. D., Wigdahl, B., Krebs, F. C., Malamud, D., Patrick, S. D., Pickel, M. D., Welsh, P. A., Reed, C. A., Ward, M. G., and J. W. Kreider.  A broad spectrum microbicide with virucidal activity against sexually transmitted viruses.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 43: 314-321, 1999.
  55. Krebs, F. C., Miller, S. R., Malamud, D., Howett, M. K., and B. Wigdahl.  Inactivation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by nonoxynol-9, C31G, or an alkyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl sulfate.  Antiviral Research, 43, 157-173, 1999.
  56. Yao, J. and B. Wigdahl.  Human T cell lymphotropic virus type I genomic expression and impact on intracellular signaling pathways: neurodegenerative disease and leukemia.  Frontiers in Bioscience, 5: 138-168, 2000.
  57. Millhouse, S. and B. Wigdahl.  Molecular circuitry regulating herpes simplex virus type 1 latency in neurons. Journal of NeuroVirology, 7: 6-24, 2000.
  58. Krebs, F. C., Ross, H., McAllister, J. J., and B. Wigdahl.  HIV-associated neurologic dysfunction. In HIV: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Applications (ed. Kuan-Teh Jeang) Advances in Pharmacology, 49: 315-385, 2000.
  59. Krebs, F. C., Miller, S. R., Welsh, P. A., Catalone, B., Malamud, D., Howett, M. K., and B. Wigdahl. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and C31G as microbicidal alternatives to nonoxynol-9 (N-9): Comparative sensitivity of primary human vaginal keratinocytes.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 44:  1954-1960, 2000.
  60. McAllister, J. J., Philips, D., Millhouse, S., Conner, J., Hogan, T., Ross, H. L., and B. Wigdahl.  Analysis of the HIV-1 LTR NF--proximal Sp site III: Evidence for cell type-specific gene regulation and viral replication.  Virology, 274: 262-277, 2000.
  61. Howett, M.K., Wigdahl, B., Malamud, D., Christensen, N.D., Wyrick, P.B., Krebs, F.C. and Catalone, B.J.  Alkyl Sulfates: A New Family of Broad Spectrum Microbicides.  Proceedings of the Thirteenth International AIDS Conference, Durban, South Africa, pp. 707-712, 2000.
  62. Ross, H. L., Nonnemacher, M. R., Hogan, T., Quiterio, S. J., Henderson, A., Krebs, F., and B. Wigdahl.  Interaction between CAAT enhancer binding protein and cyclic AMP response element binding protein 1 regulates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transcription in cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage.  Journal of Virology, 75: 1842-1856, 2001.
  63. Ross, H.L., Corboy, J.R., Gartner, S., McArthur, J., McAllister, J., Millhouse, S., and B. Wigdahl.  HIV-1 LTR C/EBP binding site sequence configurations preferentially encountered in brain lead to enhanced C/EBP factor binding and increased LTR activity. Journal of Neurovirology, 7: 1-15, 2001.
  64. Grant, C., Barmak, K., Alefantis, T., Yao, J., Jacobson, S., and B. Wigdahl.  Human T cell leukemia virus type I and neurologic disease: Events in bone marrow, peripheral blood, and brain during transition from normal immune surveillance to neuroinflammation.  Journal of Cellular Physiology, 190: 133-159, 2002.
  65. Catalone, B. J., Krebs, F. C., Mohamed Labib, and B. Wigdahl.  Broad-spectrum microbicides as a strategy for reducing sexually transmitted disease prevalence and HIV-1 transmission.  Research Advances in Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy, 2: 55-80, 2002.
  66. Krebs, F. C., Hogan, T. H., Quiterio, S., Gartner, S., and B. Wigdahl.  Lentiviral LTR-directed expression, sequence variation, and disease pathogenesis. HIV Sequence Compendium 2001, Kuiken CL, Foley B, Hahn B, Korber B, McCutchan F, Marx PA, Mellors JW, Sodroski J, and Wolinksy S, Eds.  Theoretical Biology and Biophysics Group, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 10: 1-42, 2002.
  67. Krebs, F. C., Miller, S. R., Catalone, B. J., Fichorova, R., Anderson, D., Malamud, D., Howett, M. K., and B. Wigdahl.  Comparative in vitro sensitivity of human immune cell lines, vaginal and cervical epithelial cell lines, and primary cells to candidate microbicides nonoxynol-9, C31G, or sodium dodecyl sulfate.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 46: 2292-2298, 2002.
  68. Urdaneta Stoltzfus, S., Berlin, C. M., Wigdahl, B., and M. K. Howett.  Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 by treatment of breast milk with alkyl sulfate microbicides, In Proceedings of the 14th World AIDS Conference, Epidemiology and Prevention, Monduzzi Editore, International Proceedings Division, Barcelona, Spain, pp. 135-139, 2002.
  69. Hogan, T. H., Krebs, F. C., and B. Wigdahl.  Regulation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gene expression and pathogenesis by CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins in cells of the monocytic lineage. Journal of NeuroVirology, 8: 21-26, 2002.
  70. Hogan, T. H., Nonnemacher, M. R., Krebs, F. C., Henderson, A., and B. Wigdahl.  HIV-1 Vpr binding to HIV-1 LTR C/EBP cis-acting elements and adjacent regions is sequence-specific.  Biomed Pharmacother, 57: 41-48, 2003.
  71. Nonnemacher, M. R., Hogan, T. H., Quiterio, S. J., Wigdahl, B., Henderson, A., and F. C. Krebs.  Identification of binding sites for members of the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein transcription factor family in the simian immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat.  Biomed Pharmacother, 57: 34-40, 2003.
  72. Quiterio, S. J., Grant, C., Hogan, T. H., Krebs, F. C., B. Wigdahl.  C/EBP- and Tat-mediated activation of the HIV-1 LTR in CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells.  Biomed Pharmacother, 57: 49-56, 2003.
  73. Wang, G., Christensen, N. D., Wigdahl, B., Guttentag, S. H., and J. Floros.  Differences in N-linked glyscosylation between the C and T alleles at the SNP1580 of the human surfactant protein B: Disease implication.  Biochemical Journal, 369: 179-184, 2003.
  74. Barmak, K., Harhaj, E., Grant, C., Alefantis, T., and B. Wigdahl.  Human T cell leukemia virus type I-induced disease: Pathways to Cancer and Neurodegeneration.  Virology, 308: 1-12, 2003.
  75. Barmak, K., Harhaj, E., and B. Wigdahl.  Mediators of central nervous system damage during the progression of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis.  Journal of NeuroVirology, 9(5): 522-529, 2003.
  76. Hogan, T. H., Stauff, D. L., Krebs, F. C., Gartner, S. Quiterio, S., and B. Wigdahl.  Structural and functional evolution of HIV-1 LTR C/EBP sites and their use as molecular markers for CNS disease progression.  Journal of NeuroVirology, 9(1): 55-68, 2003.
  77. Alefantis, T., Barmak, K., Harhaj, E., Grant, C., and B. Wigdahl.  Characterization of a nuclear export signal within the human T cell leukemia virus type I transactivator protein Tax.  Journal of Biological Chemistry, 278(24): 21814-21822, 2003.
  78. Kish, T. M., Ward, M. G., Welsh, P. A., Budgeon, L. R., Wigdahl, B., and M. K. Howett.  Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in a small animal human vaginal xenograft model.  Journal of AIDS, 34(5): 454-460, 2003.
  79. Burdo, T. H., Gartner, S., Mauger, D., and B. Wigdahl.  Region-specific distribution of HIV‑1 LTRs containing specific configurations of C/EBP site II in brains derived from demented and non-dementia brains.  Journal of NeuroVirology, 10 (suppl. 1): 7-14, 2004.
  80. Kensinger, R. D., Catalone, B. J., Krebs, F. C., Wigdahl, B., and C. Schengrund.  Novel polysulfated galactose-derivatized dendrimers as binding antagonists of HIV-1 infection.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 48(5): 1614-1623, 2004.
  81. Burdo, T. H., Nonnemacher, M., Irish, B. P., Choi, C. H., Krebs, F. C., Gartner, S., and B.Wigdahl.  High affinity interaction between  HIV-1 Vpr and specific sequences that span the C/EBP and adjacent NF-kB sites within the HIV-1 LTR correlate with HIV-1 associated dementia.  DNA and Cell Biology, 23(4): 261-269, 2004.
  82. Catalone, B. J., Kish-Catalone, T. M., Budgeon, L. R., Neely, E. B., Ferguson, M., Krebs, F. C., Howett, M. K., Labib, M., Rando, R., and B. Wigdahl.  Mouse model of cervicovaginal toxicity and inflammation for the preclinical evaluation of topical vaginal microbicides.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 48(5): 1837-1847, 2004.
  83. Nonnemacher, M. R., Irish, B. P., Liu, Y., Mauger, D., and B. Wigdahl.  Specific sequence configurations of HIV-1 LTR G/C box array result in altered recruitment of Sp isoforms and correlate with disease progression.  Journal of Neuroimmunology, 157(1-2): 39-47, 2004.
  84. Mostoller, K., Norbury, C., Jain, P., and B. Wigdahl.  Human T cell leukemia virus type I Tax induces the expression of dendritic cell markers associated with maturation and activation.  Journal of NeuroVirology, 10(6): 358-371, 2004.
  85. Harhaj, E., W., Harhaj, N. S., Grant C., Mostoller, K., Alefantis, T., Sun, S-C and B. Wigdahl.  Human T cell leukemia virus type I Tax activates CD40 gene expression via the NF-kappa B pathway. Virology, 333(1): 145-158, 2005.
  86. Gendelman, H., Atkinson, J. H., Everall, I. P., Gonzalez, R. G., Grant, I., Heaton, R., Kolson, D. L., Lipton, S. A., McArthur, J., Nath, A., Power, C., Swindells, S., and B. Wigdahl.  In The Neurology of AIDS, Eds. H., Gendelman, I. Grant, I. P. Everall S. A. Lipton, and S. Swindells, 2nd Ed., Oxford University Press.  Overview: A panel discussion on current and future insights into the neurological, behavioral, and motor consequences of HIV-1 infection, pg. 1-11, 2005.
  87. Catalone,  B. J., Kish-Catalone, T., Neely, E. B., Budgeon, L. R., Ferguson, M. L., Stiller, C., Miller, S. R., Malamud, D., Krebs, F. C., Howett,  M. K., and B. Wigdahl.  Comparative safety evaluation of the candidate vaginal microbicide C31G.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 49(4): 1509-1520, 2005.
  88. Alefantis, T., Mostoller, K., Harhaj, E., Grant, C., and B. Wigdahl.  Secretion of the human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) transactivator protein Tax.  Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280(17): 17353-17362, 2005.
  89. Urdaneta, S., Wigdahl, B., Neely, E. B., Berlin, C. M., Schengrund, C-L, Lin, H-M, and M. K. Howett.  Inactivation of HIV-1 in breast milk by treatment with the alkyl sulfate microbicide sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS).  Retrovirology, 2: 28-52, 2005.
  90. Catalone, B. J., Ferguson, M. L., Miller, S. R., Malamud, D., Kish-Catalone, T., Thakkar, N., Krebs, F. C., and B. Wigdahl.  Prolonged exposure to the candidate microbicide C31G differentially reduces cellular sensitivity to agent re-exposure.  Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 59: 460-468, 2005.
  91. Krebs, F. C., Miller, S. R., Ferguson, M. L., Labib, M., Rando, R. F., and B. Wigdahl.  Polybiguanides, particularly polyethylene hexamethylene biguanide, have activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 59: 438-445, 2005. 
  92. Catalone, B., Miller, S., Ferguson, M., Malamud, D., Kish-Catalone, T., Thakkar, N., Krebs, F., and B. Wigdahl.  Toxicity, inflammation and anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 activity following exposure to chemical moieties of C31G.  Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 59: 430-437, 2005.
  93. Hartmann, S. U., Wigdahl, B., Neely, E. B., Berlin, C. M., Schengrund, C.-L., Lin, H.-M., and M. K. Howett.  Biochemical analysis of human milk treated with sodum dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and alkyl sulfate microbicide that inactivates HIV-1.  Journal of Human Lactation, 22(1): 61-74, 2005.
  94. Alefantis, T., Jain, P., Ahuja, J., Mostoller, K., and B. Wigdahl.  HTLV-1 Tax nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, interaction with the secretory pathway, extracellular signaling, and implications for neurologic disease.  Journal of Biomedical Sciences, 12(6): 961-74, 2005.
  95. Beer, B. E., Doncel, G. F., Krebs, F. C., Shattock, R., Fletcher, P., Buckheit, R. W., Watson, K., Dezzutti, C. S., Cummins, J. E., Bromley, E., Richardson-Harman, N., Pallansch, L., Lackman-Smith, C., Osterling, C., Mankowski, M., Miller, S. R., Catalone, B. J., Welsh, P. A., Howett, M. K., Wigdahl, B., Turpin, J. A., and Reichelderfer, P.  In vitro preclinical testing of Nonoxynol-9 as potential anti-human immunodeficiency virus microbicde:  a retrospective analysis of results from five laboratories.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 50(2): 713-723, 2006.
  96. Grant, C., Nonnemacher, M., Jain, P., Pandya, D., Irish, B., Williams, S. C., and B. Wigdahl.  CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins modulate human T cell leukemia virus type I long terminal repeat activation.  Virology, 348(2): 354-369, 2006.
  97. Ahuja, A, Kampani, K., Datta, S., Wigdahl, B., Flaig, K. E., and P. Jain.  Use of human antigen presenting cell gene array profiling to examine the effect of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax on primary human dendritic cells.  Journal of NeuroVirology, 12(1): 47-59, 2006.
  98. Yao, J., Grant, C., Harhaj, E., Nonnemacher, M., Alefantis, T., Martin, J., Jain, P. and B. Wigdahl.  Regulation of human T cell leukemia virus type I gene expression by Sp1 and Sp3 interaction with TRE-1 repeat III.  DNA and Cell Biology, 25(5): 262-276, 2006.
  99. Rando, R. F., Obara, S., Osterling, M. C., Mankowski, M., Miller, S. R., Ferguson, M. L., Krebs, F. C., Wigdahl, B., Labib, M., and H. Kokubo.  Critical design features of phenyl carboxylate-containing polymer microbicides.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 50(9): 3081-3089, 2006.
  100. Krebs, F. C., Kish-Catalone, T., and B. Wigdahl.  Providing expanded support for microbicide research.  The AIDS Reader, 16: 148, 2006.
  101. Grant, C., Nonnemacher, M., Irish, B., Alefantis, T., and B. Wigdahl.  AP-1-directed human T cell leukemia virus type 1 viral gene expression during monocytic differentiation.  Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 80: 21-39, 2006.
  102. Acheampong, E., Parveen Z., Mengistu, A., Ngoubilly, N., Wigdahl, B., Lossinsky, A. S., Pomerantz, R. J., and M. Mukhtar.  Cholesterol-depleting statin drugs protect postmitotically differentiated human neurons against ethanol- and human immunodeficiency virus type 1-induced oxidative stress in vitro.  Journal of Virology, 81(3): 1492-1501, 2007.
  103. Kampani, K., Quann, K., Ahuja, J., Wigdahl, B., and P. Jain.  A novel high throughput quantum dot-based fluorescence assay for the quantitation of virus binding and attachment.  Journal of Virological Methods, 141(2): 125-132, 2007.
  104. Jain, P., Ahuja, J., Khan, Z. K., Shimizu, S., Meucci, O., Kampani, K., Jennings, S., and B. Wigdahl.  Modulation of dendritic cell maturation and function by the Tax protein of human T cell leukemia virus type 1.  Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 82(1): 44-56, 2007.
  105. Manuel, S. L., Rahman, S., Wigdahl, B., Khan, Z. K., and P. Jain.  Dendritic cells in autoimmune diseases and neuroinflammatory disorders.  Frontiers in Bioscience, 12: 4315-4335, 2007.
  106. Alexaki, A., Quiterio, S., Liu, Y., Irish, B., Kilareski, E., Nonnemacher, M., and B. Wigdahl.  PMA-induced differentiation of a bone marrow progenitor cell line activates HIV-1 LTR-driven transcription.  DNA and Cell Biology, 26(6): 387-394, 2007.
  107. Alefantis, T., Flaig, K. E., Widgahl, B., and P. Jain.  Interaction of HTLV-1 Tax protein with the calreticulin: Implication for Tax nuclear export and secretion. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 61(4): 194-200, 2007.
  108. Parveen, Z., Acheampong, E., Pomerantz, R. J., Jacobson, J., Wigdahl, B. and M. Mukhtar.  Effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy on HIV-1 associated oral complications.  Current HIV Research, 5(3): 281-292, 2007.
  109. Pandya, D., Rahman, S., Wigdahl, B., Khan, Z. K. and P. Jain.  New insights into the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of human T cell leukemia virus type 1-induced disease.  Future Virology, 2: 481-493, 2007.
  110. Alexaki, A., Banerjee, A., Kilareski, E., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl.  IL-1b production by differentiating TF-1 bone marrow progenitor cells.  Proceedings of the 8th International Congress of Neuroimmunology, 353-359, 2007.
  111. Jain, P., Mostoller, K., Flaig, K., Ahuja, J., Lepoutre, V., Alefantis, T., Khan, Z. K., and B. Wigdahl.  Identification of HTLV-1 Tax amino acid signals and cellular factors involved in secretion of the viral oncoprotein.  Journal of Biological Chemistry, 282(47): 34581-34593, 2007.
  112. Ahuja, J., Lepoutre, V., Wigdahl, B., Khan, Z. K., and P. Jain.  Induction of proinflammatory cytokines by human T cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax protein as determined by multiplexed cytokine protein array analyses of human dendritic cells.  Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 61(4): 201-208, 2007.
  113. Mukhtar, M., Arshad, M., Acheampong, E., Ahmad, M., Wigdahl, B., and Z. Parveen.  Antiviral potentials of medicinal plants.  Virus Research, 131(2): 111-120, 2008.
  114. Pavlovic, J., Floros, J., Phelps, D., Wigdahl, B., Welsh, P., Weisz, J., Shearer, D., Leure du Pree, A., Myers, R., and Mary K. Howett.  Differentiation of xenografted human fetal lung parenchyma.  Early Human Development, 84(3): 181-193, 2008.PMCID: PMC2753467
  115. Alexaki, A. and B. Wigdahl.  HIV-1 infection of bone marrow hematopoietic progenitor cells and their role in trafficking and viral dissemination.  PloS Pathogens, 4(12), e1000215, 2008.PMCID: PMC2603331
  116. Alexaki, A., Liu, Y., and B. Wigdahl.  Cellular reservoirs of HIV-1 and their role in viral persistence.  Current HIV Research, 6(5): 388-400, 2008.PMCID: PMC2683678
  117. Thakkar, N., Pirrone, V., Passic, S., Zhu, W., Kholodovych, V., Welsh, W., Rando, R. F., Labib, M. E., Wigdahl, B., and F. C. Krebs.  Specific interactions between the viral co-receptor CXCR4 and the biguanide-based compound NB325 mediate inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 53(2): 631-638, 2008.PMCID: PMC2630669
  118. Lepoutre, V., Quann,K.,Wigdahl,B.,Jain,P., and Z. K. Khan.  Role of resident CNS cell populations in HTLV-1-associated neuroinflammatory disease.  Frontiers in Bioscience, 14: 1152-1168, 2009.  PMCID: PMC2739244
  119. Liu, Y., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl.  CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins and the pathogenesis of retrovirus infection.  Future Microbiology, 4: 299-321, 2009.PMCID: PMC2710768
  120. Jain, P., Manuel,S., Khan,Z. K., Ahuja,J., and B. Wigdahl. DC-SIGN mediates cell-free infection and transmission of human T cell leukemia virus type 1.  Journal of Virology, 83(21): 1054-1059, 2009.PMCID: PMC2772783
  121. Irish, B. P., Khan,Z. K., Jain,P., Nonnemacher,M. R., Pirrone,V., Rahman,S., Rajagopalan, N., Suchitra,J. B.,Mostoller, K., and B. Wigdahl.  Molecular mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases induced by human   retroviruses.  American Journal of Infectious Diseases, 5(3): 231-258, 2009.PMCID: PMC2845477
  122. Rajagopalan, N., Suchitra, J. B., Shet, A., Khan, Z. K., Martin-Garcia, J., Nonnemacher, M. R., Jacobson, J. M., and B. Wigdahl.  Mortality among HIV-infected patients in resource limited settings: A case controlled analysis of inpatients at a community care center.  American Journal of Infectious Disease, 5: 226-231, 2009.PMCID: PMC2831752
  123. Kilareski, E. M., Shah, S., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl.  Regulation of HIV-1 transcription in cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage.  Retrovirology, 6: 118, 2009.PMCID: PMC2805609
  124. Banerjee A.,Nonnemacher M. R., and B. Wigdahl.  HIV latency & reactivation: role in neuropathogenesis in Chemokine Receptors and NeuroAIDS: Beyond the co-receptor function and links to other neuropathologies.  Springer Verlag, pp 87-118, 2009.
  125. Thakkar, N., Pirrone, V., Passic,S. R., Keogan, S., Zhu,W., Kholodovych, V., Welsh, W., Rando,R., Labib,M.,Wigdahl, B., and F. C. Krebs.  Persistent interactions between the biguanide-based compound NB325 and CXCR4 result in prolonged inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 54(5): 1965-1972, 2010.PMCID: PMC2863618
  126. Pirrone, V., Passic, S. R.,Wigdahl, B., Rando, R., Labib, M. and F. C. Krebs. A styrene-alt-maleic acid copolymer is an effective inhibitor of R5 and X4 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.  Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2010: 548749, 2010.PMCID: PMC2879553
  127. Rahman, S., Manuel, S. L., Khan, Z. K., Wigdahl, B., Acheampong, E., Tangy, F., and P. Jain.  Depletion of dendritic cells enhances susceptibility to cell-free infection of HTLV-1 in CD11c-DTR transgenic mice.  Journal of Immunology, 184(10): 5553-5561, 2010.PMCID: PMC2946091
  128. Shah, S., Nonnemacher, M. R., Pirrone, V., and B. Wigdahl.  Innate and adaptive factors regulating human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomic activation.  Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, 5(3): 278-293, 2010.PMCID: PMC3057210
  129. Borges, A. R., Wieczorek, L., Lombardi, K., Benesi, A. J., Darden, J. M., Johnson, B. R., Brown, B. K., Kensinger, R. D., Krebs, F. C., Wigdahl, B., Blumenthal, R., Puri, A., McCutchan, F. E., Birx, D. L., Schengrund, C. L., and V. R. Polanis.  Multivalent carbohydrate-derivatized dendrimers inhibit HIV-1 infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells but enhance infection in the epithelial cell line TZM-bl.  Virology, 408(1): 80-88, 2010.PMCID: PMC2966527
  130. Liu, Y., Nonnemacher, M. R., Stauff, D. L., Li, L., Banerjee, A., Irish, B., Kilareski, E., Rajagopalan, N., Suchitra, J. B., Khan, Z. K., Ranga, U., and B. Wigdahl.  Structural and functional studies of CCAAT/enhancer binding sites within the human immunodeficiency type 1 subtype C LTR.  Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 64 (10): 672-680, 2010.PMCID: PMC2998390
  131. Passic, S. R., Ferguson, M. L., Catalone, B. J., Kish-Catalone, T., Kholodovych, V., Zhu, W., Welsh, W., Rando, R., Howett, M. K., Wigdahl, B., Labib, M., and F. C. Krebs. Structure-activity relationships of polybiguanides with activity against human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 64(10): 723-732, 2010.PMCID: PMC3776307
  132. Rahman, S., Khan, Z. K., Wigdahl, B., Jennings, S. R., Tangy, F., and P. Jain.  Murine FLT3 ligand-derived dendritic cell-mediated early immune responses are critical to controlling cell-free human T cell leukemia virus type 1 infection.  Journal of Immunology, 186(1): 390-402, 2011.PMCID: PMC3224812
  133. Li, L., Aiamkitsumrit, B., Pirrone, V., Nonnemacher, M. R., Wojno, A., Passic, S., Flaig, K., Kilareski, E., Blakey, B., Ku, J., Parikh, N., Shah, R., Martin-Garcia, J., Moldover, B., Servance, L., Downie, D., Lewis, S., Jacobson, J. M., Kolson, D., and B. Wigdahl.  Development of co-selected single nucleotide polymorphisms in the viral promoter procedes the onset of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-associated neurocognitive impairment.  Journal of NeuroVirology, 17: 92-109, 2011.PMCID: PMC3057211
  134. Guo, H., Pan, X., Mao, R., Zhang, X., Wang, L., Lu, X., Chang, J., Guo, J. T., Passic, S., Krebs, F. C., Wigdahl, B., Warren, T., K., Retterer, C. J., Bavari, S., Xu, X., Cuconati, A., and T. M. Block.  Alklated porphyrins have broad antiviral activity against hepadnaviruses, flaviviruses, filoviruses and arenaviruses.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 55: 478-486, 2011.PMCID: PMC3028764
  135. Pirrone, V., Wigdahl, B., and F. C. Krebs.  The rise and fall of polyanionic inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1.  Antiviral Research, 90(3): 168-182, 2011.
  136. Pirrone, V., Thakkar-Rivera, N., Jacobson, J., Wigdahl, B., and F. C. Krebs. Combinatorial approaches to the prevention and treatment of HIV-1 infection.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 55(5): 1831-1842, 2011.PMCID: PMC3088245
  137. Strazza, M., Pirrone, V., Wigdahl, B., and M. Nonnemacher.  Breaking Down the Barrier:  The effects of HIV-1 on the blood-brain barrier.  Brain Research, 1399: 96-115, 2011.PMCID: PMC3139430
  138. Banerjee A., Pirrone V., Wigdahl B., and M. R. Nonnemacher.  Transcriptional regulation of the chemokine co-receptor CCR5 by the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway.Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, 65(4): 293-297, 2011.PMCID: PMC3150495
  139. Ferrucci, A., Nonnemacher, M. R. and B. Wigdahl.  Cellular phenotype impacts human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R subcellular localization.  Virology Journal, 8(1): 397, 2011.PMCID: PMC3168423
  140. Banerjee, A., Strazza, M., Wigdahl B., Pirrone, V., Meucci O., and M. R. Nonnemacher.  Role of Mu-opioids as cofactors in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 disease progression and neuropathogenesis.  Journal of Neurovirology, 17(4): 291-302, 2011.PMCID: PMC3757547
  141. Ferrucci, A., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl.  Human immunodeficiency virus viral protein R as an extracellular protein in neuropathogenesis.  Advances in Viral Research, 81: 165-199, 2011.PMCID: PMC3731056
  142. Lozenski, K., Kish-Catalone, T., Pirrone, V., Rando, R. F., Labib, M. E., Wigdahl, B., and F. C. Krebs.  Cervicovaginal safety of the formulated, biguanide-based human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) inhibitor NB325 in a murine model.  Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2011: 941061, 2011. (Epub)PMCID: PMC3202145
  143. Pirrone, V., Passic, S. R. Wigdahl, B. and F. C. Krebs.  Application and removal of polyanionic microbicide compounds enhances subsequent infection by HIV-1. Virology Journal, 9(1): 33, 2012.PMCID: PMC3295645
  144. Kogan, M., Haine, V., Ke, Y.,Wigdahl, B., Fischer-Smith, T. and J. Rappaport.  Macrophage colony stimulating factor regulation by nuclear factor kappa B:  A relevant pathway in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infected macrophages.  DNA and Cell Biology, 31(3): 278-288, 2012.PMCID: PMC3300078
  145. Ferrucci, A., Nonnemacher, M. R., Cohen, E. A., and B. Wigdahl. Extracellular human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R causes a reduction in ATP and glutathione levels in an astrocytic cell line resulting in a compromised antioxidant reservoir.  Virus Research, 167(2): 358-369, 2012.PMCID: PMC3398186
  146. Gerrard, S. E., Baniecki, M. L., Sokal, D. C., Morris M. K., Urdaneta-Hartmann, S., Krebs, F. C., Wigdahl, B., Abrams, B. F., Hanson, C. V., Slater, N. K., and A. D. Edwards.  A nipple shield delivery system of oral drug delivery to breastfeeding infants:  Microbicide delivery to inactivate HIV.  International Journal of Pharmacology, 434(1-2): 224-234, 2012.
  147. Dahiya, S., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl. Deployment of the HIV-1 protein arsenal: Combatingthe host to enhance viral transcription and providing targets for therapeutic development.  J. General Virology, 93: 1151-1172, 2012.PMCID: PMC3755519
  148. Li, L., Dahiya, S., Kortagere, S., Cunningham, D., Pirrone, V., Nonnemacher, M., and B. Wigdahl.  Impact of Tat genetic variation on HIV-1 disease.  Advances in Virology, doi:  10.1155/2012/123605, 2012.PMCID: PMC3414192
  149. Parikh, N., Nonnemacher, M. R., Pirrone, V., Block, T., Mehta, A., and B. Wigdahl.  Substance abuse, HIV-1 and hepatitis.  Current HIV Research, 10(7):  557-571, 2012.PMCID: PMC3708479
  150. Lozenski, K., Ownbey, R., Wigdahl, B., Kish-Catalone, T., and F. C. Krebs.  Decreased cervical epithelial sensitivity to nonoxynol-9 (N-9) after four daily applications in a murine model of topical vaginal microbicide safety.  BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology.  BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology, 13: 9, doi: 10.1186.2050-6511-13-9, 2012.PMCID: PMC3519674
  151. Joseph, J., Achim, C. L., Boivin, M. J., Brew, B. J., Clifford, D. B., Colosi, D. A., Ellis, R. J., Heaton, R. K., Gallo-Diop, A., Grant, I., Kanmogne, G. D., Kumar, M., Letendre, S., Marcotte, T. D., Nath, A., Pardo, C. A., Paul, R. J., Pulliam, L., Robertson, K., Royal, W., 3rd, Sacktor, N., Sithinamsuwan, P., Smith, D. M., Valcour, V., Wigdahl, B., and C. Wood.  Global NeuroAIDS roundtable.  Journal of Neurovirology, 19(1): 1-9, 2013.PMCID: PMC3713197
  152. Pirrone, V., Libon, D. J., Sell, C., Lerner, C. A., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl.  Impact of age on markers of HIV-1 disease.Future Virology,8(1): 81-101, 2013.PMCID: PMC3625689
  153. Ferrucci, A., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl.  Extracellular HIV-1 viral protein R affects astrocytic glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity and neuronal survival.  Journal of Neurovirology, 19(3): 239-253, 2013.PMCID: PMC3709860
  154. Dahiya, S., Irish, B. P., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl.  Genetic variation and HIV-associated neurologic disease.  Advances in Virus Research, 87: 183-240, 2013.PMCID: PMC4074542
  155. Egan, K. P., Wu, S., Wigdahl, B., and S. R. Jennings.  Immunological control of herpes simplex virus infections.  Journal of Neurovirology, 19(4): 328-345, 2013.PMCID: PMC3758505
  156. Shirazi, J., Shah, S., Sagar, D., Nonnemacher, M. R., Wigdahl, B., Khan, Z. K., and P. Jain.  Epigenetics, drugs of abuse, and the retroviral promoter.  Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, 8(5): 1181-1196, 2013.  doi: 10.1007/s11481-013-9508-y.  PMCID:  PMC3878082
  157. Dahiya, S., Liu, Y., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl.  CCAAT enhancer binding protein and nuclear factor of activated T cells regulate HIV-1 LTR via a novel conserved downstream site in cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage.PloS One, 9(2): e88116, 2014. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088116.  PMCID:  PMC3925103
  158. Sagar, D., Masih, S., Schell, T., Jacobson, S., Comber, J. D., Philip, R., Wigdahl, B., Jain P., and Z. K. Khan.  Invivo immunogenicity of Tax (11-19) epitope in HLA-A2/DTR transgenic mice:  Implication for dendritic cell-based anti-HTLV vaccine.  Vaccine, 32(26): 3274-84, doi: 10.1016/j.vacine.2014.03.087, 2014.
  159. Parikh, N., Dampier, W., Feng, R., Passic, S. R., Zhong, W., Frantz, B., Blakey, B., Aiamkitsumrit, B., Pirrone, V., Nonnemacher, M. R., Jacobson, J. M., and B. Wigdahl.  Cocaine alters cytokine profiles in HIV-1 infected African American individuals in the DREXELMED HIV/AIDS Genetic Analysis Cohort.  Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 66(3): 26-64, doi: 10.1097/QAI.000000000000163, 2014.
  160. Aiamkitsumrit, B., Dampier, W., Antell, G., Rivera, N., Pirrone, V., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl.  Bioinformatic analysis of HIV-1 entry and pathogenesis.  Current HIV Research, 12(2): 132-161, 2014.
  161. Shah, S., Alexaki, A., Pirrone, V., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl.  Functional properties of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat containing single-nucleotide polymorphisms in Sp site III and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein site I.  Virology Journal, 11: 92, doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-11-92, 2014.PMCID: PMC4047001
  162. Antell, G., Nonnemacher, M. R., Pirrone, V., and B. Wigdahl.  “Role of retrovirus-induced transactivator proteins in neuroinflammatory disease” in “Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration.”  P.K. Peterson and M. Toborek (eds), Springer Science+Business Media New York, pgs. 355-385, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1071-7_17, 2014.
  163. Aiamkitsumrit, B., Dampier, W., Martin-Garcia, J., Nonnemacher, M. R., Pirrone, V., Ivanova, T., Zhong. W., Kilareski, E., Aldigun, H., Frantz. B., Rimbey, M., Wojno, A., Passic, S., William, J. S., Shah, S., Blakey, B., Parikh, N., Jacobson, J., Moldover, B., and B. Wigdahl.  Defining differential genetic signatures in CXCR4- and the CCR5-utilizing HIV-1 co-linear sequences. PloS One, 9(9): e107389, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.o107389, 2014.
  164. Fraietta, J. A., Mueller, Y. M., Lozenski, K. L., Ratner, D. , Boesteanu, A. C., Hancock, A. S., Lackman-Smith, C., Zentner, I. J., Chaiken, I. M., Chung, S., LeGrice, S. F., Snyder, B. A., Mankowski, M. K., Jones, N. M., Hope, J. L., Gupta, P., Anderson, S. H., Wigdahl, B., and P. D. Katsikis. Abasic phosphorothioate oligomers inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcription and block virus transmission across polarized ectocervical organ cultures.  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 58(12): 7056-7071, doi: 10.1128/AAC.02991-14, 2014.
  165. Kollias, C. M., Huneke, R. B., Wigdahl, B., and S. R. Jennings.  Animal models of herpes simplex virus immunity and pathogenesis.  Journal of NeuroVirology, 21 (1): 8-23, 2015.doi: 10.1007/s13365-014-0302-2.
  166. Strazza, M., Banerjee, A., Alexaki, A., Passic, S. R., Meucci, O., Pirrone, V., Wigdahl, B., and M. R. Nonnemacher.  Effect of mu-opioid agonist DAMGO on surface CXCR4 and HIV-1 replication in TF-1 human bone marrow progenitor cells.  BMC Research Notes, 7: 752, doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-752, 2014.
  167. Dampier, W., Nonnemacher, M. R., Sullivan, N. T., Jacobson, J. M., and B. Wigdahl.  HIV  excision utilizing CRSPR/cas9 technology:  Attacking the proviral quasispecies in reservoirs to achieve a cure.  MOJ Immunology, 1(4): 00022.  doi: 10.15406/moji.2014.01.00022, 2014. 
  168. Alexaki, A., Quiterio, S. J., Nonnemacher, M. R., Shah, S., Liu, Y., Banerjee, A., Li, L., Passic, S., Kilareski, E., Petrovas, C., and B. Wigdahl.  Modeling bone marrow progenitor cell differentiation and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection.  MOJ Immunology, 1(2): 0009.  doi: 10.15406/moji.2014.01.00009,2014.
  169. Dahiya, S., Liu, Y., Williams, J., Pirrone, V., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl.  HIV-1 long terminal repeat:  the “downstream” effect.  Journal of Human Virology and Retrovirology, 1(2): 00006, http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/jhvrv.2014.01.00006, 2014.
  170. Pirrone, V., Mell, J., Janto, B., and B. Wigdahl.  Biomarkers of HIV susceptibility and disease progression.  EbioMedicine, 1(2-3): 99-100, 2014.  doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2014.11.003.  PMCID: PMC4457401
  171. Shah, S., Pirrone, S., Alexaki, A., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl.  Impact of viral activators and epigenetic regualtors in HIV-1 LTRs containing naturally occurring single nucleotide polymorphisms.  BioMed Research International, 2015: 320642, 2015.  doi: 10.1155/2015/320642.  PMCID: PMC4299542
  172. Keogan, S., Siegert, K., Wigdahl, B., and F. C. Krebs.  Immunomodulation by seminal factors and implications for male-to-female HIV-1 transmission.  Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, 69(2): 131-137, 2015.doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000561.
  173. Aiamkitsumrit, B., Sullivan, N. T., Nonnemacher, M. R., Pirrone, V., and B. Wigdahl.  Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 cellular entry and exit in the T lymphocytic and monocytic compartments:  Mechanisms and target opportunities during viral disease.  Advanced Virus Research, 93: 257-311, 2015.  doi: 10.1016/bs.aivir.2015.04.001.
  174. Li, L., Parikh, N., Liu, Y., Kercher, K., Dampier, W., Flaig, K., Aiamkitsumrit, B., Passic, S., Frantz, B., Blakey, B., Pirrone, V., Moldover, B., Jacobson, J. M., Feng, R., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl.  Impact of Naturally Occurring Genetic Variation in the HIV-1 LTR TAR Region and Sp Binding Sites on Tat-Mediated Transcription.  Journal of Human Virology and Retrovirology, 2(4): 00052, 2015.
  175. Maubert, M., Pirrone, V., Rivera, N. T., Wigdahl, B., and M. R. Nonnemacher.  Intersection of Tat with Drugs of Abuse: The positive and negative aspects that lead to pathologic endpoint.  Frontiers in Microbiology, 6:1512, 2016.  PMCID: PMC4707230.  DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01512.
  176. *Nonnemacher, M. R., *Pirrone, V., Feng, R., Moldover, B., Passic, S., Williams, J. W., Aiamkitsumrit, B., Dampier, W., Wojno, A., Kilareski, E., Blakey, B., Ku, J., Shah, S., Servance, L., Downie, D., Lewis, S., Jacobson, J. M., and B. Wigdahl. HIV-1 LTR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are diagnostic of clinical disease parameters.  PloSOne, in press, 2016.  Authors contributed equally.
  177. Datta, P.K., Kaminski, R., Hu, W., Pirrone, V., Sullivan, N. T., Nonnemacher, M. R., Dampier, W., Wigdahl, B., and K. Khalili.  HIV-1 Latency and Eradication: Past, Present and Future.  Current HIV Research, in press, 2016.
  178. James, T., Nonnemacher, M., Wigdahl B., and F. C. Krebs. Defining the roles for Vpr in HIV-1-associated neuropathogenesis.  Journal of NeuroVirology, in press, 2016.
  179. Antell, G. C., Dampier, W., Aiamkitsumrit, B., Nonnemacher, M. R., Kortagere, S., Jacobson, J. M., Schwartz, G., Hershberg, U., Pirrone, V., James, T., Krebs, F. C., Martin-Garcia, J., Zhong, W., Kercher, K., Passic, S., Williams, J. W., and B. Wigdahl.  Identification of potential genetic determinants of HIV-1 X4 and R5 viruses within co-linear LTR, Tat, and Vpr proviral sequences.  Retrovirology, in press, 2016.
  180. Keogan, S., Wigdahl, B., and F. C. Krebs.  Alteration of human semen content and implications of sexual transmission of HIV-1.  Bio. Reprod.,in revision, 2016.
  181. Keogan S., Siegert K., Wigdahl B., and F.C. Krebs. Factors in human seminal fluid reduce epithelial permeability by increasing integrity of epithelial tight junctions. Am J Physiol, in revision, 2016.
  182. Strazza, M., Pirrone, V., Wigdahl, B., and M. R. Nonnemacher.  Optimization of the in vitro co-culture of the hCMEC/D3 brain microvascular endothelial cell line and primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells for functional studies.  Journal of Neuroscience methods, in revision, 2016.
  183. Keogan, S., Siegert, K., Wigdahl, B., and F. C. Krebs.  Variability in human semen content and its effects in the female reproductive tract.  Journal of Reproductive Biology and Health, submitted, 2016.
  184. Dampier, W., Nonnemacher, M. R., Mell, J., Earl, J., Ehrlich, G., Pirrone, V., Aiamkitsumrit, B., Zhong, W., Kercher, K., Passic, S., Williams, J., Jacobson, J. M., and B. Wigdahl.  HIV-1 genetic variation resulting in the development of new quasispecies continues to be encountered in the peripheral blood of well-suppressed patients.  PloSONE, submitted, 2016.
  185. Strazza, M., Pirrone, V., Wigdahl, B., Dampier, W., Lin, W., Feng, R., Weksler, B., Romero, I. A., Pierre-Olivier, C., and M. R. Nonnemacher.  Prolonged Morphine Exposure Induces Increased Firm Adhesion and Cellular Transmigration Across an In Vitro Model of the Blood–Brain Barrier.  International Journal of Molecular Sciences, submitted, 2016.
  186. Keogan, S., Siegert, K., Wigdahl, B., and F. C. Krebs.  Semen induces polarized time- and tissue-dependent release of immunomodulatory factors from human cervicovaginal epithelial cell lines.  Reproductive Biology, submitted, 2016.
  187. Urdaneta-Hartmann, S., Brown, C., Foster, A., and B. Wigdahl.  Enhancing graduate science education with a 3D digital game about the replication cycle of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in human cells.  Manuscript in preparation, 2016.
  188. Urdaneta-Hartmann, S., Brown, C., Foster, A., and B. Wigdahl.  Interdisciplinary postdoctoral training on game-based-learning and other e-learning strategies for biomedical science educators.  Manuscript in preparation, 2016.
  189. Dampier, W., Feng, R., Passic, S., Parikh, N., Aiamkitsumrit, B., Pirrone, V., Kercher, K., Kutzler, M., Jacobson, J. M., Nonnemacher, M. R., and B. Wigdahl. Defining the impact of substance abuse on unique and shared immunomodulators in a well-controlled longitudinal HIV-1-infected patient cohort.  Frontiers in Microbiology, manuscript in preparation, 2016.
  190. Antell, G., Hershberg, U., Kortagere, S., Pirrone, V., Dampier, W., Schwartz, G., Aiamkitsumrit, B., Williams, J., Passic, S., Kercher, K., Zhong, W., Jacobson, J. M., Wigdahl, B., and M. R. Nonnemacher.  Identification of HIV-1 Tat genetic polymorphisms associated with neurocognitive impairment and CNS compartmentalization.  Journal of Neurovirology, manuscript in preparation, 2016.
  191. Maubert, M., Pirrone, V., Antell, G., Kortagere, S., Wigdahl, B., and M. R. Nonnemacher.  HIV-1 Tat structure and function: its hand in HAND.  Current HIV Research, manuscript in preparation, 2016.
  192. Antell, G. C., Dampier, W., Aiamkitsumrit, B., Nonnemacher, M. R., Kortagere, S., Jacobson, J. M., Schwartz, G., Hershberg, U., Pirrone, V., James, T., Martin-Garcia, J., Zhong, W., Kercher, K., Passic, S., Williams, J. W., Wigdahl, B., and F. C. Krebs.  Identification of potential genetic determinants of HIV-1 X4 and R5 viruses within co-linear Vpr proviral sequences.  Journal of Neurovirology, manuscript in preparation, 2016.

 

 

 

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